Life Satisfaction Around the World

描述(由申请人提供)：最近的大量研究集中在主观幸福感或生活满意度方面的跨国差异，但主要限于对欧洲和美国的比较。所有主观幸福感的国际比较--横截面分析和时间序列分析--的一个基本问题是，人们必须假设，不同国家、不同时间、不同国家内的受访者群体的反应量表是相同的。然而，不同国家的居民在将满意度划分为不同类别时所使用的主观阈值可能有所不同。为了解决各国应对规模的可比性问题，我们将采用一种可以确定国家内部和国家之间应对规模差异的小插曲方法。小插曲可以用来使反应等级具有可比性。在这个项目中，我们将对盖洛普世界民意调查(GWP)中的受访者进行小插曲。还将利用Vignette反应来更好地了解和纠正各国和国家内社会经济群体在反应尺度上的差异。我们将扩大先前分析的范围，在四年的时间里对全球变暖计划中约120个国家的受访者进行生活满意度小插曲，为全球约120,000名受访者提供数据。此外，我们将在第五年将重复的小插曲放入这些国家的一个子集。这些小插曲将呈现涵盖四个关键生活领域的假设情景：收入、家庭关系、工作和健康。之所以选择这些领域，是因为目前的文献已将它们记录为总体生活满意度的关键决定因素。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A considerable amount of recent research has focused on cross-country differences in subjective well- being or life satisfaction, but mostly limited to comparisons of Europe and the U.S. A fundamental problem in all international comparisons-cross-sectional and time series analyses-of subjective well-being is that one has to assume that response scales are the same across countries, across time, and across groups of respondents within a country. However, residents of different countries may differ in the subjective thresholds they use in demarcating satisfaction into discrete categories. To address the issue of comparability of response scales across countries, we will exploit a vignette methodology that allows identification of response scale differences within and between countries. Vignettes can be used to make response scales comparable. In this project we will administer vignettes to respondents in the Gallup World Poll (GWP). Vignette responses will also be used to better understand and correct differences in response scales across countries and socio-economic groups within countries. We will extend the reach of previous analysis by administering life satisfaction vignettes to respondents in about 120 countries in the GWP over the course of four years providing data for approximately 120,000 respondents all over the world. In addition, we will place repeat vignettes into a subset of those countries in the fifth year. These vignettes will present hypothetical scenarios covering four key life domains: income, family relations, job, and health. These domains are chosen because the current literature has documented them as key determinants of overall life satisfaction.