Developing New Assessment Tools for Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Contaminants

开发基于碳纳米材料的污染物的新评估工具

• 批准号: 8714259
• 负责人: Zhiguo Zhou
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: LUNA INNOVATIONS, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8714259
• 关键词: Air; Antibodies; Antigens; Area; Biodegradation; Biological; Biological Assay; Caliber; Carbon; Carbon Nanotubes; Carrier Proteins; Chemicals; Cosmetics; Coupled; Detection; Development; Diagnostic; Educational workshop; Environment; Environmental Pollution; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Enzymes; Evaluation; Food Chain; Foundations; Fractionation; Fullerenes; Gas Chromatography; Generations; Genes; Goals; Government; Growth; Health; Hot Spot; Human; Immune; Immunologist; Immunology; Individual; Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin; Licensing; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measures; Methods; Minerals; Molecular; Monitor; Monoclonal Antibodies; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Occupational Exposure; Organism; Persons; Pharmacologic Substance; Phase; Preparation; Process; Proteins; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Risk; Risk Management; Role; Sampling; Sensitivity and Specificity; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Soil; Structure; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Thick; Time; Water; Work; base; commercialization; cost effective; design; double walled carbon nanotube; high throughput screening; human tissue; innovation; microorganism; nano; nanomaterials; nanometer; nanotool; pollutant; public health relevance; remediation; single walled carbon nanotube; sound; success; tool

DESCRIPTION: Carbon nanomaterial such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes (single wall; SWNT and multi-wall; MWNT), and graphene are used in many different applications such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, energy applications, structural materials, and related areas so they inevitably end up in the environment. Little is known about how these nanomaterials behave in air, water or soil and the risk to humans remains a concern. Similar to other potential pollutants, they may pass from organism to organism, move up food chains in the environment, and may be concentrated in particular "hot spots", either by clumping together with minerals or by interaction with organic matter. At present there is no efficient and accurate way to assess the presence and quantity of these nanomaterials in contaminated sites. Thus, there is a clear and present need for methods for measuring carbon nanomaterial in environmental-relevant mediums (e.g. soil, groundwater, etc.). What is needed is a sensitive and specific assay that can detect and quantify carbon nanomaterial at polluted sites in various mediums. The goal here is to develop an easy-to-use, antibody-based kit that can specifically detect and quantify a wide range of carbon-based nanomaterial in various environmental mediums. To do this we will produce highly specific antibodies to fullerenes, graphene, and carbon nanotubes and use them to develop commercial ELISA kits for detecting these molecules in different mediums. At a recent NIEHS-sponsored Nano Exposure Workshop, a whole section was devoted to discovering "new tools for nano exposure assessment". The immunological tools developed in the proposed studies will be the first step in developing such assays that can specifically detect and quantify these materials in various environments.

描述：碳纳米材料，如富勒烯、碳纳米管（单壁；SWNT 和多壁；MWNT）和石墨烯用于许多不同的应用，如化妆品、药品、能源应用、结构材料和相关领域，因此它们不可避免地最终进入环境。人们对这些纳米材料在空气、水或土壤中的表现知之甚少，对人类的风险仍然令人担忧。与其他潜在污染物类似， 它们可以从一个生物体传播到另一个生物体，在环境中沿着食物链向上移动，并且可以通过与矿物质聚集在一起或通过与有机物相互作用而集中在特定的"热点"。目前还没有有效且准确的方法来评估污染场地中这些纳米材料的存在和数量。因此，目前显然需要用于测量环境相关介质（例如土壤、地下水等）中的碳纳米材料的方法。我们需要一种灵敏且特异的检测方法，能够检测和定量各种介质中污染部位的碳纳米材料。这里的目标是开发一种易于使用的基于抗体的试剂盒，可以专门检测和量化各种环境介质中的各种碳基纳米材料。为此，我们将生产针对富勒烯、石墨烯和碳纳米管的高度特异性抗体，并使用它们开发商业 ELISA 试剂盒，用于在不同介质中检测这些分子。在最近由 NIEHS 赞助的纳米暴露研讨会上，整个部分致力于发现“纳米暴露评估的新工具”。拟议研究中开发的免疫学工具将是开发此类检测方法的第一步，这些检测方法可以在各种环境中特异性检测和量化这些材料。