A GEOHealth Hub for Agriculture and Informal Work in Nicaragua: - USA

尼加拉瓜农业和非正式工作 GEOHealth 中心：- 美国

• 批准号: 8864871
• 负责人: DANIEL R BROOKS
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-20 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8864871
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Agricultural Workers; Agriculture; Area; Boston; Central America; Central American; Costa Rica; Country; Data; Data Sources; Development; Diffuse; Doctor of Philosophy; Employee; Employment; Ensure; Environmental Health; Environmental Risk Factor; Face; Family member; Farming environment; Funding; Funding Agency; Future; Goals; Government; Grant; Growth; Haiti; Health; Health Hazards; Health Policy; Health Resources; Home environment; Human; Income; Individual; Informal Sectors; Injury; Institution; Laws; Learning; Legal Rights; Monitor; Nicaragua; Nicaraguan; Occupational; Occupational Health; Outcome Measure; Pensions; Policy Developments; Population; Process; Process Measure; Public Health; Public Health Schools; Public Policy; Public Sector; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Rural; Science; Services; Social Security; Specific qualifier value; Structure; Technical Expertise; Time; Training; Universities; Work; Workplace; base; design; experience; global environment; hazard; improved; interest; investigator training; meetings; programs; social; statistics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nicaragua is the second poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, with 67% percent of its workforce engaged in the informal economy, consisting of the self-employed (excluding professionals and technicians), workplaces with <5 employees, unpaid family members who work at home or at small enterprises, and workers who are hired for only sporadic work in the formal sector, with no legal right to be rehired and no access to social benefits, such as social security and pensions. One-third of the workforce is engaged in agriculture, with >80% meeting the definition of informal employment. Workers in agriculture and the informal sector face serious occupational and environmental, health hazards, and the structures currently in place are inadequate to identify, monitor, and respond to these problems. The Center for Research on Health, Work and Environment (CISTA) at the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua at Leon (UNAN-Leon) and the Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH) propose to partner to build a network of institutions (academic, governmental, and other) capable of carrying out a research and training that will inform public policy to address occupational and environmental risks faced by workers in agriculture and the informal economy and, more broadly, by rural residents. This network, called a Global Environmental and Occupational Health Hub (GEOHealth Hub), will be centered in Nicaragua, but will also include partners from throughout Central America, as well as the U.S. and other high income countries. The goal of this two-year grant is to develop a viable and sustainable plan for the GEOHealth Hub, obtain commitments from partners, and put a structure in place that can conduct some activities immediately and also obtain funding for larger projects. We will meet this goal by conducting a needs and opportunity assessment; identifying and engaging partners in the planning process; identifying phority areas of research, specifying hypotheses, designing a research plan, and collecting preliminary data; identifying potential funding sources; assessing training needs of partners to build capacity; and providing input into the development of a PhD program at UNAN-Leon to increase the number of highly trained investigators in occupational and environmental health. RELEVANCE TO HUMAN HEALTH (provided by applicant): Residents of Nicaragua who work in agriculture and the informal sector face many occupational and environmental health hazards, and resources to address these problems are currently very limited. This grant will allow a U.S. and Nicaraguan university to jointly lay the groundwork for building an integrated network of Nicaraguan institutions that will be able to provide training and conduct research to improve the health of the nation's citizens.

说明(申请人提供)：尼加拉瓜是西半球第二贫穷的国家，67%的劳动力从事非正规经济，其中包括个体户(不包括专业人员和技术人员)、有5名雇员的工作场所、在家中或在小企业工作的无薪家庭成员以及在正规部门只从事零星工作的工人，他们没有合法的重新就业权利，也没有获得社会保障和养老金等社会福利的机会。三分之一的劳动力从事农业，其中80%符合非正规就业的定义。农业和非正规部门的工人面临严重的职业和环境、健康危害，现有的结构不足以识别、监测和应对这些问题。设在里昂的尼加拉瓜国立自治大学健康、工作和环境研究中心和波士顿大学公共卫生学院建议合作建立一个机构网络(学术、政府和其他)，能够开展研究和培训，为公共政策提供信息，以解决农业和非正规经济工人以及更广泛的农村居民所面临的职业和环境风险。这个网络被称为全球环境和职业健康中心(GEOHealth Hub)，将以尼加拉瓜为中心，但也将包括来自整个中美洲以及美国和其他高收入国家的合作伙伴。这笔为期两年的赠款的目标是为地球健康中心制定一个可行和可持续的计划，获得合作伙伴的承诺，并建立一个结构，可以立即开展一些活动，也可以为较大的项目获得资金。我们将通过以下方式实现这一目标：进行需求和机会评估；确定并吸引合作伙伴参与规划过程；确定主要研究领域，明确假设，设计研究计划，并收集初步数据；确定潜在的资金来源；评估合作伙伴在能力建设方面的培训需求；并为Unan-Leon博士项目的发展提供投入，以增加职业和环境健康方面训练有素的研究人员的数量。 与人类健康的相关性(由申请者提供)：从事农业和非正规部门工作的尼加拉瓜居民面临许多职业和环境健康危害，目前解决这些问题的资源非常有限。这笔赠款将使美国和尼加拉瓜的一所大学能够共同为建立尼加拉瓜机构的综合网络奠定基础，该机构将能够提供培训和进行研究，以改善该国公民的健康。