Informing Alcohol-Related Risk Intervention with the Prototype Willingness Model

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议的研究将审查基于网络的个性化反馈干预，以减少18-20岁未成年年轻饮酒者与酒精相关的危险性行为，理论上是由原型意愿模型提供信息。基于关注青少年和年轻人适合发展的健康模式的文献，原型意愿模型假设了两条风险行为的路径：一条是推理的路径，另一条是基于社交的路径。先前的研究表明，符合原型意愿模型的干预措施，或基于原型意愿模型组成部分的干预措施，在减少饮酒和危险性行为方面是有效的。尽管这种模式很实用，但它还没有实现。 应用于检验由PW模型的两条途径的成分组成的干预措施是否有效地减少未成年年轻饮酒者与酒精相关的危险性行为。此外，还没有研究检验这一模型的活跃成分(推理途径与社会途径)。本申请中提出的研究旨在评估个性化反馈干预，基于原型意愿模型，通过对通过社交网站招募的全国年轻人(大学和非大学)样本的纵向研究，关注与酒精相关的危险性行为。为了实现这一目标，这项研究将在全国范围内对1200名18-20岁的年轻人进行抽样调查，并在3个月、6个月、9个月和12个月时对他们进行评估。我们将根据原型意愿模型评估干预的总体效果，将未成年年轻饮酒者随机分配到接受基于理性的途径干预(n=300)、基于社交途径的干预(n=300)或基于完整PW模型的综合干预(n=300)与注意控制组(n=300)进行比较。我们将检验理性和社会途径的组成部分以及饮酒是否在减少与酒精相关的危险性行为方面起到了中介干预作用。过去的行为和大学生身份将被评估为干预效果的调节变量。这项拟议的研究既具有重要意义，又具有创新性，因为它将评估在全国范围内对在校和未在校的年轻人进行的简短干预，将利用社交网站招募参与者，并将基于原型意愿模型的个人和综合路径测试干预措施的有效性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research will examine a web-based personalized feedback intervention to reduce alcohol-related risky sexual behavior among underage young adult drinkers aged 18-20, which is theoretically informed by the Prototype Willingness Model. Based on literature focusing on developmentally appropriate health models for adolescents and young adults, the Prototype Willingness Model assumes two pathways to risk behavior: one pathway that is reasoned and one pathway that is socially based. Prior research has shown that interventions consistent with the Prototype Willingness Model, or interventions based on components of the Prototype Willingness Model, are efficacious at reducing alcohol use and risky sexual behavior. Despite the utility of this model, it has yet to be applied to examining whether interventions comprised of components from both pathways of the PW Model are efficacious at reducing alcohol-related risky sexual behavior in underage young adult drinkers. Moreover, no research has examined the active components (reasoned pathway vs. social pathway) of this model. The research proposed in this application is designed to evaluate a personalized feedback intervention, based on the Prototype Willingness Model, focused on alcohol-related risky sexual behavior through a longitudinal study in a national sample of young adults (college and non-college) recruited via social networking sites. To accomplish this objective the study will enroll a national sample of 1,200 young adults aged 18-20 and assess them at 3-, 6, 9-, and 12-months. We will evaluate the overall efficacy of the interventions based on the Prototype Willingness Model by comparing underage young adult drinkers randomly assigned to receive the reasoned-based pathway intervention (n=300), the social-based pathway intervention (n=300), or the integrated intervention based on the full PW Model (both pathways; n=300) to an attention control group (n=300). We will examine whether changes in components of both the reasoned and social pathways and drinking mediate intervention efficacy on reducing alcohol-related risky sexual behavior. Past behavior and college student status will be evaluated as moderators of intervention efficacy. The proposed study is both significant and innovative in that it will evaluate brief interventions among a national sample of young adults attending and not attending college, will utilize social networking sites for participant recruitment, and will test the efficacy of interventions based on individual and integrated pathways of the Prototype Willingness Model.