Examining Motivations for and Quality of Alcohol and Marijuana Protective Behavior Strategy Use: Improving Prevention of Hazardous Young Adult Substance Use

检查酒精和大麻保护行为策略使用的动机和质量：改善对危险青少年药物使用的预防

• 批准号: 10604308
• 负责人: Melissa A Lewis
• 金额: $ 19.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10604308
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavioral; Data; Data Collection; Development; Effectiveness; Etiology; Evaluation; Event; Feedback; Female; Focus Groups; Future; Gender; Goals; Grain; Group Interviews; Harm Reduction; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Literature; Marijuana; Martens; Mediating; Mediator; Methods; Motivation; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Participant; Pilot Projects; Populations at Risk; Prevention; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Readiness; Reporting; Research; Risk; Role; Strategic Planning; Surveys; Testing; Text Messaging; Time; Treatment Efficacy; Waiting Lists; acceptability and feasibility; brief intervention; cognitive interview; design; deter alcohol use; drinking; efficacious intervention; efficacy trial; group intervention; high risk; improved; intervention delivery; intervention effect; male; marijuana use; marijuana user; nonbinary; novel; online intervention; premature; prevent; protective behavior; reduced substance use; skills; skills training; substance use; text messaging intervention; university student; young adult; young adult alcohol use

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Young adulthood is associated with increased alcohol and marijuana use compared to other developmental periods (Schulenberg et al., 2019). Alcohol and marijuana use place individuals at high risk for acute and long- term negative consequences (Volkow et al., 2014; White & Hingson, 2014). SAM use is associated with increased risk for consequences, compared to marijuana use alone or CAM use (Lipperman-Kreda et al., 2017). In the proposed research, all participants will be current alcohol and marijuana users allowing us to consider Concurrent Alcohol and Marijuana (CAM) use and Simultaneous Alcohol and Marijuana (SAM) use. In this application, CAM use refers to use of both substances on the same day, but not so their effects overlap, whereas SAM use refers to use of alcohol and marijuana at the same time so that their effects overlap. Despite the relatively large cross-sectional and longitudinal literature on protective behavioral strategies (PBS; Pearson, 2013), little is known about why young adults choose to use PBS on specific occasions or why young adults might use PBS differently across occasions. Moreover, findings have been mixed for PBS use as a mediator of intervention effects (Reid & Carey, 2015). Thus, there is significant room for improvement in the conceptualization, application, and understanding of alcohol and marijuana PBS. The proposed research is needed to determine motivations, or reasons, for when, why, and how young adults may or may not use PBS in a quality manner when using alcohol and/or marijuana. This gained knowledge can be used to enhance intervention efficacy by addressing these motivations in intervention content delivered across days. Research has yet to examine how alcohol and marijuana PBS use on a given day relates to an individual’s use of alcohol or marijuana alone in comparison to CAM or SAM days. The current study has potential to contribute significantly to the literature as it will allow for a fine-grained examination of how alcohol and marijuana PBS use relate to alcohol, marijuana, and CAM/SAM use at the daily level. Taken together, the proposed study will fill these gaps by utilizing online focus groups and cognitive interviews to identify “why” young adults use or do not use PBS (for marijuana or alcohol) as well as to examine quality of PBS use and if quality differs on alcohol-only days, CAM days, or SAM days (Aim 1). Findings from Aim 1 will inform a pilot study (Aim 2) testing a newly developed online and text message alcohol and marijuana PBS intervention among alcohol and marijuana users age 18-24. The pilot study includes event-level data collection over 8 weekends to determine whether alcohol or marijuana PBS are as effective at reducing use or consequences when CAM or SAM use occurs, compared to using alcohol alone. In the pilot study (Stage I; N=200), we will establish acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effect sizes to determine readiness for a full-scale efficacy trial. Because the proposed intervention will be designed to target PBS for alcohol and marijuana use the intervention will be relevant to a wider group of at-risk young adults.

项目概要/摘要 与其他发育阶段相比，成年早期与酒精和大麻使用增加有关 时期（Schulenberg 等人，2019）。酒精和大麻的使用使个人面临急性和长期的高风险 术语负面后果（Volkow 等人，2014 年；White & Hingson，2014 年）。 SAM 的使用与 与单独使用大麻或使用 CAM 相比，后果风险增加（Lipperman-Kreda 等人， 2017）。在拟议的研究中，所有参与者都将是当前的酒精和大麻使用者，这使我们能够 考虑同时使用酒精和大麻 (CAM) 以及同时使用酒精和大麻 (SAM)。在 在本申请中，CAM 使用是指在同一天使用两种物质，但它们的效果并不重叠， 而 SAM 使用是指同时使用酒精和大麻，以便它们的效果重叠。尽管 关于保护行为策略的相对较大的横断面和纵向文献（PBS； Pearson，2013），但很少有人知道为什么年轻人选择在特定场合使用 PBS，或者为什么年轻人 成年人在不同场合使用 PBS 的方式可能有所不同。此外，对于 PBS 用作 干预效果的中介（Reid & Carey，2015）。因此，在这方面还有很大的改进空间 酒精和大麻 PBS 的概念化、应用和理解。拟议的研究是 需要确定年轻人何时、为何以及如何使用 PBS 的动机或原因 使用酒精和/或大麻时以高质量的方式。所获得的知识可用于增强 通过在几天内提供的干预内容中解决这些动机来提高干预效果。研究 尚未研究特定日期的酒精和大麻使用情况与个人饮酒情况有何关系 或单独吸食大麻与 CAM 或 SAM 日相比。目前的研究有潜力做出贡献 对文献来说意义重大，因为它将允许对酒精和大麻 PBS 之间的关系进行细粒度的检查 使用与酒精、大麻和日常 CAM/SAM 使用有关。综上所述，拟议的研究将 通过利用在线焦点小组和认知访谈来确定年轻人使用或做的“原因”来填补这些空白 不使用 PBS（用于大麻或酒精），并检查 PBS 使用的质量以及质量是否存在差异 仅饮酒日、CAM 日或 SAM 日（目标 1）。目标 1 的调查结果将为试点研究（目标 2）提供信息 测试新开发的在线和短信酒精和大麻 PBS 对酒精的干预 18-24 岁的大麻使用者。该试点研究包括在 8 个周末收集事件级数据，以 确定酒精或大麻 PBS 在减少 CAM 或 CAM 时的使用或后果方面是否同样有效 与单独使用酒精相比，使用 SAM 更有效。在试点研究（第一阶段；N=200）中，我们将建立 可接受性、可行性和初步效果大小，以确定全面疗效试验的准备情况。 因为拟议的干预措施旨在针对酒精和大麻使用 PBS 干预措施将适用于更广泛的高危年轻人群体。

项目成果

Investigating Why and How Young Adults Use Protective Behavioral Strategies for Alcohol and Marijuana Use: Protocol for Developing a Randomized Controlled Trial.

• DOI: 10.2196/37106
• 发表时间: 2022-04-19
• 期刊: JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Lewis, Melissa A.;Litt, Dana M.;Fairlie, Anne M.;Kilmer, Jason R.;Kannard, Emma;Resendiz, Raul;Walker, Travis
• 通讯作者: Walker, Travis