A Longitudinal, Measurement Burst Study to Examine the Ecological Validity of the Prototype Willingness Model of Hazardous Adolescent and Young Adult Alcohol Use

项目总结/摘要 拟议的研究将提供原型意愿模型（PWM）的第一个日常测试， 研究决策认知对高风险酒精使用的影响以及相关的负面影响。 使用多突发生态瞬时评估（EMA）， 15-25岁的青少年和年轻人。基于关注适合发展的健康的文献 在年轻人的模型中，PWM假设健康风险行为发生在个人 发展的意图从事风险行为（这些意图随着态度的变化而变化， 感知的强制性规范）或通过参与风险的意愿（这随着感知的功能而变化 对消极后果的脆弱性，感知的描述性规范和原型）。提高 PWM的预测效用，并充分了解预测高风险认知之间的关系 从PWM的角度来看，饮酒行为，这些协会应在每天的时间密切检查 水平（目标1），在各种风险有利的情况下（例如，在存在同伴风险行为的情况下， 大麻使用，意外或预期的地点，以及与已知或未知的人的背景下）（目标2），以及 跨越不同的个体特征（例如，年龄、经验和个性特征）（目标3）。我们 将通过招募一个社区青少年和年轻人样本（N = 1，100）来测试这些目标，这些青少年和年轻人生活在 更大的西雅图大都市区，并利用多突发EMA数据收集，以评估有关的信息 饮酒认知和饮酒之间的日常关系，在三个工作日和三个周末， 一年中的四个季度。这项研究的意义和创新之处在于，它使用了一个 从生命周期的角度来评估PWM与高风险饮酒行为的关系， 随着时间的发展（即，年龄和经验作为主持人），使用多脉冲EMA数据收集， 允许更深入地了解导致当前风险增加的因素，以提供指导， 预防和干预年轻人饮酒的工作。我们将获得一个理论上知情的观点 促进预防和干预战略，在艾滋病毒/艾滋病的适当阶段针对风险最大的人， 寿命并帮助确定定时（例如，提高年轻人做出更健康选择的能力， 他们可能处于从事危险行为的更大风险的时刻）和干预的类型（例如， 专注于社会反应或合理的途径），这是最相关的个人的需要。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The proposed research will provide the first daily-level test of the Prototype Willingness Model (PWM), examining the effects of decision-making cognitions on high-risk alcohol use and related negative consequences using multi-burst ecological momentary assessment (EMA) across one year among adolescents and young adults aged 15-25. Based on literature focusing on developmentally appropriate health models for young adults, the PWM assumes that health-risk behaviors occur either when individuals have developed intentions to engage in a risk behavior (and these intentions vary as a function of attitudes and perceived injunctive norms) or through willingness to engage in risks (which varies as a function of perceived vulnerability to negative consequences, perceived descriptive norms, and prototypes). To improve the predictive utility of the PWM and to fully understand the relationships between cognitions in predicting high-risk drinking behavior from a PWM perspective, these associations should be examined close in time at the daily level (Aim 1), across a variety of risk-conducive situations (e.g., in contexts with presence of peer risk behavior, marijuana use, unexpected or expected locations, and in contexts with known or unknown people) (Aim 2), and across different individual characteristics (e.g., age, experience, and personality characteristics) (Aim 3). We will test these aims by recruiting a community sample of adolescents and young adults (N = 1,100), living in the greater Seattle metropolitan area, and utilizing multi-burst EMA data collection to assess information about the daily relations between drinking cognitions and alcohol use across three weekdays and three weekends per quarter for four quarters across one year. The proposed study is both significant and innovative in that it uses a lifespan perspective to evaluate the PWM in relation to high-risk drinking behavior both at the daily level and developmentally over time (i.e., age and experience as moderators), uses multi-burst EMA data collection to allow for greater insight into factors contributing to increased risk in-the moment to provide guidance to prevention and intervention work for young adult alcohol use. We will gain a theoretically-informed perspective to foster prevention and intervention strategies to target those at greatest risk at appropriate stages of the lifespan and help to determine the timing (e.g., improving young adults' ability to make healthier choices in moments when they may be at greater risk for engaging in risky behaviors) and type of intervention (e.g., focused on social reactance or reasoned pathways) that is most relevant toward individual's needs.