A Longitudinal, Measurement Burst Study to Examine the Ecological Validity of the Prototype Willingness Model of Hazardous Adolescent and Young Adult Alcohol Use

项目摘要/摘要 这项拟议的研究将提供原型意愿模型(PWM)的第一个每日水平测试， 研究决策认知对高风险饮酒及相关负性的影响 使用多暴发生态瞬时评估(EMA)跨一年的后果 15-25岁的青少年和青壮年。基于关注适合发育的健康的文献 针对年轻人的模型，PWM假设危害健康的行为要么发生在个人有 发展了从事危险行为的意图(这些意图随态度和 可感知的禁止性规范)或通过愿意承担风险(根据可感知的不同而不同 易受负面后果、感知的描述性规范和原型的影响)。为了改善 脉宽调制的预测效用和充分理解认知之间的关系在预测高危中的作用 饮酒行为从脉宽调制的角度来看，这些关联应该在日常生活中及时仔细检查 级别(目标1)，跨越各种有利于风险的情况(例如，在存在同伴风险行为的情况下， 大麻使用，意外或预期地点，以及与已知或未知的人的情况下)(目标2)，以及 跨越不同的个人特征(例如，年龄、经验和个性特征)(目标3)。我们 将通过招募青少年和年轻人(N=1,100)的社区样本来测试这些目标，这些人生活在 大西雅图大都市区，并利用多突发EMA数据收集来评估有关 三个工作日和三个周末饮酒认知和饮酒的每日关系 一年中的四个季度。这项拟议的研究具有重大意义和创新性，因为它使用了 从寿命的角度评估脉宽调制与高风险饮酒行为的关系 随着时间的推移(即，作为主持人的年龄和经验)，使用多突发EMA数据收集来 允许更深入地了解导致风险增加的因素-提供指导的时刻 青少年饮酒的预防和干预工作。我们将获得一个从理论上了解情况的观点 促进预防和干预战略，在预防和干预的适当阶段针对风险最高的人 寿命并有助于确定时机(例如，提高年轻人在 他们从事危险行为的风险更大的时刻)和干预类型(例如， 侧重于社会反应性或推理路径)，这与个人的需求最相关。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The proposed research will provide the first daily-level test of the Prototype Willingness Model (PWM), examining the effects of decision-making cognitions on high-risk alcohol use and related negative consequences using multi-burst ecological momentary assessment (EMA) across one year among adolescents and young adults aged 15-25. Based on literature focusing on developmentally appropriate health models for young adults, the PWM assumes that health-risk behaviors occur either when individuals have developed intentions to engage in a risk behavior (and these intentions vary as a function of attitudes and perceived injunctive norms) or through willingness to engage in risks (which varies as a function of perceived vulnerability to negative consequences, perceived descriptive norms, and prototypes). To improve the predictive utility of the PWM and to fully understand the relationships between cognitions in predicting high-risk drinking behavior from a PWM perspective, these associations should be examined close in time at the daily level (Aim 1), across a variety of risk-conducive situations (e.g., in contexts with presence of peer risk behavior, marijuana use, unexpected or expected locations, and in contexts with known or unknown people) (Aim 2), and across different individual characteristics (e.g., age, experience, and personality characteristics) (Aim 3). We will test these aims by recruiting a community sample of adolescents and young adults (N = 1,100), living in the greater Seattle metropolitan area, and utilizing multi-burst EMA data collection to assess information about the daily relations between drinking cognitions and alcohol use across three weekdays and three weekends per quarter for four quarters across one year. The proposed study is both significant and innovative in that it uses a lifespan perspective to evaluate the PWM in relation to high-risk drinking behavior both at the daily level and developmentally over time (i.e., age and experience as moderators), uses multi-burst EMA data collection to allow for greater insight into factors contributing to increased risk in-the moment to provide guidance to prevention and intervention work for young adult alcohol use. We will gain a theoretically-informed perspective to foster prevention and intervention strategies to target those at greatest risk at appropriate stages of the lifespan and help to determine the timing (e.g., improving young adults' ability to make healthier choices in moments when they may be at greater risk for engaging in risky behaviors) and type of intervention (e.g., focused on social reactance or reasoned pathways) that is most relevant toward individual's needs.