The Effects of Intranasal Oxytocin on Social Cognitive Functioning in Adolescents

鼻内催产素对青少年社会认知功能的影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    8663077
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 3.49万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2013-06-01 至 2015-05-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescence is a time period of great change with significant development in both physical characteristics and social behaviors (Spear, 2000). It is also a time period of peak onset for psychiatric disorders (National Comorbidity Survey Replication study; Kessler, et al., 2005). About 50% of Americans will meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder in their lifetime with the first onset occurring in childhood or adolescence (Kessler et al., 2005). Given the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and early onset, an emphasis should be placed on the identification and treatment of mental illnesses in adolescence to target early problem behaviors before they become ingrained in adulthood. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a mental illness which involves significant problems in maintaining healthy social relationships, as well as other emotional and behavioral problems. Many theoretical models have been proposed to explain the social impairments in BPD. Fonagy and colleagues (2009) have suggested that problems BPD patients experience in social relationships are a result of impairment in attachment-based social-cognitive abilities, specifically, in theory of mind or mentalization. Mentalization refers to an individual's capacity o understand and interpret the behavior of self and others in terms of mental states (Fonagy, et al., 1991), and develops during infancy and childhood from early attachment experiences (Fonagy & Sharp. 2008). Recently, Stanley and Siever (2010) have proposed a neuropeptide model of BPD which suggests that dysfunction of oxytocin impairs mentalization, which may play an important role in the onset of interpersonal symptoms of BPD. In adolescents, evidence from our lab support the link between mentalization impairment in youth and emerging BPD traits (Sharp, Pane, Ha, et al., 2011; Sharp, Ha, Carbone, et al., in press) as assessed by an in-vivo mentalization task. Specifically, adolescent patients with emerging BPD showed a style of social- cognitive reasoning characterized by hypermentalizing (or over-interpretation of social cues; Sharp et al., 2011). Against this background, the overall goal of this research is to provide the foundation for understanding the social-cognitive mechanisms involved in the emergence of BPD in adolescents with the aim of improving early interventions for youths (12-17 years). To this end a double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled experimental design will be used to examine the effects of intranasal oxytocin on in-vivo mentalization in a sample of adolescent BPD patients in comparison to a group of healthy non-clinical adolescents. The specific aims are two-fold: 1) to investigate the effects of intranasal oxytocin on in-vivo mentalization capacit (specifically hypermentalizing) in adolescents with BPD compared to a non-clinical group of adolescents, and 2) to evaluate the potential role of trait-based mentalization capacity in moderating the relation between oxytocin and in-vivo mentalization capacity. This proposed research will have the potential to address integral empirical questions and provide a foundation for research investigating early interventions for BPD.
描述(由申请人提供):青春期是一个发生巨大变化的时期,身体特征和社会行为都有显着发展(Spear,2000)。这也是精神疾病发病高峰期(国家合并症调查复制研究;Kessler 等人,2005 年)。大约 50% 的美国人一生中都会符合精神疾病的标准,首次发病发生在儿童期或青春期(Kessler 等,2005)。鉴于精神疾病的普遍存在且发病较早,应重点关注青春期精神疾病的识别和治疗,以在问题行为在成年后根深蒂固之前针对其进行早期治疗。边缘性人格障碍(BPD)是一种精神疾病,涉及维持健康的社会关系的重大问题以及其他情绪和行为问题。人们提出了许多理论模型来解释 BPD 中的社交障碍。 Fonagy 及其同事 (2009) 认为,BPD 患者在社会关系中遇到的问题是基于依恋的社会认知能力受损的结果,特别是在心理理论或心智化方面。心智化是指个人在心理状态方面理解和解释自我和他人行为的能力(Fonagy 等人,1991),并在婴儿期和童年时期从早期依恋经历中发展出来(Fonagy 和 Sharp. 2008)。最近,Stanley和Siever(2010)提出了BPD的神经肽模型,该模型表明催产素功能障碍会损害心智化,而心智化可能在BPD人际关系症状的发生中发挥重要作用。在青少年中,我们实验室的证据支持青少年心智化障碍与新出现的 BPD 特征之间的联系(Sharp, Pane, Ha, et al., 2011;Sharp, Ha, Carbone, et al., in press),通过体内心智化任务进行评估。具体来说,患有边缘性人格障碍的青少年患者表现出一种以精神过度化(或对社会线索的过度解释;Sharp 等,2011)为特征的社会认知推理风格。在此背景下,本研究的总体目标是提供 为理解青少年 BPD 出现所涉及的社会认知机制奠定基础,旨在改善青少年(12-17 岁)的早期干预。为此,将采用双盲、随机和安慰剂对照的实验设计来检查鼻内催产素对青少年 BPD 患者样本与一组健康的非临床青少年的体内心理化的影响。具体目标有两个:1)与非临床青少年组相比,研究鼻内催产素对 BPD 青少年体内心智化能力(特别是过度心智化)的影响;2)评估基于特质的心智化能力在调节催产素和体内心智化能力之间关系方面的潜在作用。这项拟议的研究将有可能解决整体的实证问题,并为调查边缘性人格障碍的早期干预措施的研究奠定基础。

项目成果

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Carolyn Ha其他文献

Carolyn Ha的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Carolyn Ha', 18)}}的其他基金

The Effects of Intranasal Oxytocin on Social Cognitive Functioning in Adolescents
鼻内催产素对青少年社会认知功能的影响
  • 批准号:
    8529051
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 3.49万
  • 项目类别:

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