Randomized study of daytime vs. delayed eating: Effect on weight and metabolism

白天与延迟进食的随机研究：对体重和新陈代谢的影响

基本信息

批准号：
8622494
负责人：
KELLY C ALLISON
金额：
$ 20万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-01 至 2016-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8622494
关键词：
Adherence Animals Biology Blood Chemical Analysis Body Composition Body Weight Body Weight decreased Body fat Body mass index Calories Circadian Rhythms Clinical Corticosterone DEXA Devices Diet Habits Disease Eating Eating Behavior Electronics Energy Intake Energy Metabolism Epidemic Exercise Experimental Designs Fasting Fatty Acids Food Food Supply Functional disorder Funding General Population Genetic Crossing Over Glucose Health Homeostasis Hormonal Hormones Human Hydrocortisone Hyperlipidemia Indirect Calorimetry Individual Insulin Insulin Resistance Intervention Studies LDL Cholesterol Lipoproteins Leptin Life Life Style Light Lipids Macronutrients Nutrition Measures Melatonin Metabolic Metabolism Middle Insomnia Monitor Neuroendocrinology Neurosecretory Systems Obesity Participant Patient Self-Report Patients Pattern Persons Phenotype Physical activity Plasma Protocols documentation Publishing Randomized Recommendation Recruitment Activity Regulation Reporting Research Personnel Rest Rodent Schedule Sleep Sleep Wake Cycle Syndrome Testing Thyroxine Time Triglycerides Weight Weight Gain Woman Work actigraphy adiponectin design feeding food consumption ghrelin innovation men oxidation public health relevance research study response shift work weight gain prevention

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Of the many factors contributing to the obesity epidemic, timing of food consumption is now recognized for its significant contribution to body weight regulation. Disruption of sleep-wake cycles from a predominantly diurnal lifestyle to a nocturnal lifestyle leads to abnormal circadian rhythms and metabolic dysfunction. We have also reported that night eating syndrome, characterized by a delayed pattern of eating, is associated with weight gain and disruption of neuroendocrine rhythms without sleep-wake cycle changes. Studies in night- active rodents have shown that restriction of feeding to the light period leads t profound changes in the circadian rhythms of leptin, insulin, corticosterone, and thyroxine, and a propensity toward obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. However, the metabolic effects of a predominantly daytime versus delayed eating pattern, using an experimental design, have not been well studied in humans. We hypothesize that a delayed pattern of eating, while keeping sleep-wake and activity levels constant, will produce an increase in weight and an abnormal metabolic response in healthy patients. A total of 20 healthy men and women with a BMI of 20 - 27 kg/m2 will be recruited for a randomized cross-over experiment testing two eating conditions. The first condition, daytime eating, would consist of three meals and two snacks to be consumed between 0800 h and 1800 h. The second condition, delayed eating, would consist of three meals and two snacks consumed between 1200 h and 2200 h. Energy and macronutrient content will be comparable between these eating conditions, and sleep-wake period would be held constant between 2300 h and 0700 h. Voluntary exercise will be held constant between conditions. Each participant would be free-living and supplied food from our metabolic kitchen for two months for the first condition, followed by a two-week wash out period eating as they usually would, followed by two months on the second condition (order randomly assigned). Adherence to the protocol will be monitored closely with food logs, pre- and post- weighing of food, use of pictures sent via electronic devices for portion size assessment, actigraphy, and self- reports for sleep-wake and physical activity monitoring. The assessment battery will occur at four points: 1) baseline; 2) after the first 2-mo eating condition; 3) after he 2-wk washout, before starting the second eating condition; and 4) after the second 2-mo eating condition. At each point body composition will be measured with DEXA and indirect calorimetry will be performed. We will measure fasting levels of lipids, triglycerides, and fatty acids. Glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, cortisol, and melatonin will be measured at 0800h, 1200 h, 1600 h, 2000 h, and 0400 h. We will compare the effects of the eating conditions on weight, adiposity, energy metabolism, and hormonal markers. The study will be performed under free-living conditions to increase generalizability. The results obtained from this R21 funded project will establish feasibility for a larger R01 application. The project will benefit frm the expertise of the investigators in eating behaviors, sleep and circadian biology, and neuroendocrinology and metabolism, and has potentially broad clinical implications for promotion of healthy eating habits that could influence weight and metabolic health in the general population.

描述（由申请人提供）：在导致肥胖症流行的许多因素中，食物消费的时机现在因其对体重调节的重大贡献而被认可。从主要的昼夜生活方式到夜间生活方式的破坏睡眠循环会导致异常的昼夜节律和代谢功能障碍。我们还报道说，夜间进食综合征的特征是延迟进食，与体重增加和神经内分泌节奏的破坏无关，而没有睡眠 - 觉醒周期变化。对夜间活性啮齿动物的研究表明，对光周期的进食限制导致瘦素，胰岛素，皮质酮和甲状腺素的昼夜节律的深刻变化，以及肥胖，胰岛素抵抗和高脂血症的倾向。但是，使用实验设计的白天和延迟饮食模式的代谢作用尚未在人类中得到很好的研究。我们假设延迟的饮食模式，同时保持睡眠效果和活动水平不断，将在健康患者中增加体重和异常代谢反应。总共有20名健康男性和女性，BMI为20-27 kg/m2，将被招募，以进行随机跨界实验，以测试两种饮食条件。第一种情况是白天的饮食，包括三餐和两种小吃，在0800 h至1800 h之间食用。第二种情况是延迟的饮食，将包括三餐和1200 h至2200 h之间食用的两顿零食。这些饮食条件之间的能量和大量营养素含量将是可比性的，睡眠效果周期将在2300 h至0700 h之间保持恒定。自愿运动将在条件之间保持恒定。每个参与者将在我们的代谢厨房中自由生活和提供食物两个月，然后在第一个情况下进行两周的洗涤期饮食，然后在第二个情况下为两个月（随机分配的顺序）。遵守协议的依从性将通过食物原木，食物前后的食物，通过电子设备发送的图片进行份量尺寸评估，行动术以及用于睡眠效果和体育活动监测的自我报告。评估电池将在四个点发生：1）基线； 2）在第一个2-MO饮食状况之后； 3）2周冲洗后，开始第二次饮食状况； 4）在第二个2-MO进食状态之后。在每个点，将用DEXA测量身体成分，并将进行间接量热法。我们将测量脂质，甘油三酸酯和脂肪酸的禁食水平。葡萄糖，胰岛素，瘦素，脂联素，生长素蛋白，皮质醇和褪黑激素将在0800h，1200 h，1600 h，2000 h和0400 h时测量。我们将比较饮食条件对体重，肥胖，能量代谢和荷尔蒙标记的影响。该研究将在自由生活条件下进行以提高普遍性。从该R21资助的项目中获得的结果将确定较大的R01应用程序的可行性。该项目将使研究人员在饮食行为，睡眠和昼夜节律生物学以及神经内分泌学和代谢方面的专业知识受益，并可能对促进健康饮食习惯具有广泛的临床意义，从而影响一般人群的体重和代谢健康。