Histology and Cellular Localization

组织学和细胞定位

• 批准号: 8868089
• 负责人: LIQUAN HUANG
• 金额: $ 9.98万
• 依托单位: MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8868089
• 关键词: Address; Analytical Chemistry; Anatomy; Animal Model; Area; Behavioral Sciences; Biochemistry; Biophysics; Candidate Disease Gene; Cells; Characteristics; Chemicals; Clinical Research; Code; Collaborations; Complement; Consultations; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Ecology; Emerging Technologies; Endocrinology; Ensure; Equipment; Equipment and Supplies; Eragrostis; Esthesia; Familiarity; Fluorescence; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Health; Histologic; Histology; Housing; Human; Image; Imagery; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ; In Situ Hybridization; Individual; Laboratories; Laboratory Research; Lasers; Methods; Microscope; Microscopy; Minor; Mission; Molecular; Molecular and Cellular Biology; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Neurosciences; Organ; Pattern; Peripheral; Personal Satisfaction; Phenylthiourea; Physiology; Preparation; Procedures; Protein Isoforms; Proteins; Psychophysics; Public Health; RNA; RNA Splicing; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Scanning; Scientist; Services; Smell Perception; Students; System; Taste Bud Cell; Taste Buds; Taste Disorders; Taste Perception; Technical Expertise; Techniques; Technology; Tissues; Training; Training Support; Transcript; Untranslated RNA; Variant; Work; base; biological systems; cell type; cryostat; dalton; design; experience; follow-up; genome sequencing; improved; instrumentation; interdisciplinary approach; meetings; novel; nutrition; olfactory disorder; postdoctoral investigator; programs; prototype; research study; skills; sweet taste perception; tissue preparation; two-photon

One of the unique characteristics of the Monell Center is that researchers use multidisciplinary approaches to address scientific questions regarding taste, smell, nutrition, and their relationship to human health and well-being. The primary expertise of Monell investigators ranges from analytical chemistry and chemical ecology (Drs. Preti and Kimball) to biochemistry and biophysics (Drs. Brand and Margolskee), molecular and cellular biology (Drs. Margolskee, Huang, and Wang), genetics and neuroscience (Drs. Tordoff, Bachmanov, Beauchamp, Reed. Yamazki, Reisert, Gelperin, and Lowe), endocrinology and physiology (Drs. Margolskee, Teff, Friedman, Wysocki, and Zhao), psychophysics and behavioral science (Drs. Mennella, Dalton, Breslin, Lundstrom, Pelchat, and Wise), and clinical research (Drs. Cowart and Teff). Regardless of their primary technical expertise, a number of these laboratories have found it very useful to incorporate histology and cellular localization methods into their research programs (e.g.. Fig. 1)[1]. However, other Center laboratories are less familiar with the techniques and/or equipment involved in anatomical/histological studies. For instance, geneticists such as Drs. Reed and Bachmanov had identified candidate genes for taste receptors that detect the bitter-tasting compound phenylthiocarbamide and sweet-tasting compounds, respectively[2,3]. They needed to determine, first, whether these genes were expressed in the peripheral taste organs, and then, in which types of taste bud cells. These researchers could use reverse-transcripfion PCR with RNA extracted from taste tissue to determine if these candidate gene products are preferentially expressed in taste buds. However, to determine which type of taste bud cells express these genes, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry are mostly commonly used on taste fissures. This Core will provide a common resource and reservoir of experience in chemosensory anatomical analysis and state-of-the-art visualization techniques that would be inefficient to replicate in each individual laboratory. Thus, the availability of Core services would extend the capabilities of the participating laboratories beyond each laboratory's capabilities.

莫内尔中心的独特之处之一是研究人员使用多学科方法来解决有关味觉、嗅觉、营养及其与人类健康和福祉的关系的科学问题。莫内尔研究人员的主要专业知识范围从分析化学和化学生态学（Preti 博士和 Kimball 博士）到 生物化学和生物物理学（Brand 博士和 Margolskee 博士）、分子和细胞生物学（Margolskee、Huang 博士和 Wang 博士）、遗传学和神经科学（Tordoff、Bachmanov、Beauchamp、Reed. Yamazki、Reisert、Gelperin 和 Lowe 博士）、内分泌学和生理学（Drs. Tordoff、Bachmanov、Beauchamp、Reed. Yamazki、Reisert、Gelperin 和 Lowe） Margolskee、Teff、Friedman、Wysocki 和 Zhu），心理物理学和行为科学（Mennella、Dalton、Breslin、Lundstrom、Pelchat 和 Wise 博士）以及临床研究（Cowart 和 Teff 博士）。无论他们的主要技术专长如何，许多实验室发现将组织学和细胞定位方法纳入他们的研究中非常有用。 研究计划（例如图1）[1]。然而，其他中心实验室不太熟悉解剖/组织学研究中涉及的技术和/或设备。例如，遗传学家，如博士。 Reed 和 Bachmanov 确定了味觉受体的候选基因，这些受体分别检测苦味化合物苯硫脲和甜味化合物[2,3]。他们首先需要确定这些基因是否在外周味觉器官中表达，然后确定在哪些类型的味蕾中表达 细胞。这些研究人员可以使用从味觉组织中提取的 RNA 进行逆转录 PCR 来确定这些候选基因产物是否优先在味蕾中表达。然而，为了确定哪种类型的味蕾细胞表达这些基因，原位杂交和免疫组织化学最常用于味觉裂隙。该核心将提供化学感应解剖分析和最先进的可视化技术方面的公共资源和经验库，而这些技术在每个单独的实验室中复制效率低下。因此，核心服务的可用性将扩展参与实验室的能力，超出每个实验室的能力。