Stochastic Models of Visual Decision Making and Visual Search

描述（由申请人提供）：要求支持，以继续生产合作，旨在开发，测试和扩展眼动控制的视觉决策和视觉搜索的计算模型。我们的研究计划是由收敛约束从计算，行为和神经生理学的角度，链接在人类和猴子执行视觉眼跳任务的详细行为模式与模式的调制记录在猴子通过使用计算模型，预测行为和神经动力学的猴子。我们提出了新的计算建模现有的猴子行为和神经生理学实验和新的计算建模新的人类实验，镜像和显着扩展以前进行的实验与猴子。我们的理论基础是一类随机积累的证据模型，数学心理学家和系统神经科学家已经收敛后，作为一个一般的理论框架来理解和解释的时间过程中的视觉决策，其中包括一个互动的比赛模型和门控累加器模型，我们以前提出的。与大多数方法不同，（1）我们定量测试替代模型架构（包括种族、扩散、竞争性、门控性）对人类和猴子的详细行为数据的影响，包括扫视的正确和错误响应时间的响应概率和分布，（2）我们基于神经生理学记录来约束模型机制和模型参数，特别是额叶眼区（FEF）的神经元，假设代表任务相关视觉证据的演变时间过程，（3）我们定量测试模型结构对参与视觉决策的神经元动态的预测能力，特别是FEF中决定眼睛何时何地移动的神经元。目标1将开发和测试门控累加器模型对替代模型的撤销和控制扫视眼球运动。目标2将开发和测试门控累加器模型对其他模型的速度精度控制扫视眼动视觉搜索。目标3将研究如何扩展广泛的随机累加器模型，包括门控累加器，从与每个响应相关的单个累加器到与每个响应相关的数千个累加器神经元的集合。为了理解正常行为以及疾病、残疾和疾病，抽象的计算模型，如随机证据积累模型，可以是一个恰到好处的理论水平，因为这些模型的最佳拟合参数可以很好地表征行为的个体差异，并为理解大脑测量提供理论标记-我们的模型提供了恰到好处的理论水平。然而，在某种程度上，某些神经系统疾病在个体神经元和神经回路水平上具有生物物理基础，我们还需要了解这些抽象的计算模型如何映射到神经回路上-使这种映射也成为我们所提出的工作的核心。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Support is requested to continue a productive collaboration aimed to develop, test, and extend computational models of eye movement control in visual decision making and visual search. Our research program is guided by converging constraints from computational, behavioral, and neurophysiological perspectives that link detailed patterns of behavior in humans and monkeys performing visual saccade tasks with patterns of modulation in neurons recorded in monkeys through the use of computational models that predict behavioral and neural dynamics. We propose new computational modeling of existing monkey behavioral and neurophysiological experiments and new computational modeling of new human experiments that mirror and significantly extend experiments previously conducted with monkeys. Our theoretical foundation is a class of stochastic accumulation of evidence models that mathematical psychologists and systems neuroscientists have converged upon as a general theoretical framework to understand and explain the time course of visual decision making; these include an interactive race model and a gated accumulator model we proposed previously. Unlike most approaches, (1) we quantitatively test alternative model architectures (including race, diffusion, competitive, gated accumulators) on detailed behavioral data in both humans and monkeys, including response probabilities and distributions of correct and error response times for saccades, (2) we constrain model mechanisms and model parameters based on neurophysiological recordings, specifically neurons in frontal eye field (FEF) hypothesized to represent the evolving time-course of task-relevant visual evidence, (3) we quantitatively test model architectures on how well they predict the recorded dynamics of neurons involved in make a visual decision, specifically neurons in FEF that determine when and where the eyes move. Aim 1 will develop and test the gated accumulator model against alternative models of countermanding and control of saccadic eye movements. Aim 2 will develop and test the gated accumulator model against alternative models of speed-accuracy control of saccadic eye movements in visual search. Aim 3 will investigate how to scale the broad class of stochastic accumulator models, including gated accumulator, from a single accumulator associated with each response to ensembles of thousands of accumulator neurons associated with each response. To understand normal behavior as well as illness, disability, and disease, abstract computational models, like stochastic accumulation of evidence models, can be a just right theoretical level in that best-fitting parameters of these models can characterize well individual differences in behavior and provide theoretical markers for understanding brain measures - our models provide that just right theoretical level. Yet to the extent that certain neurological conditions have a biophysical basis at the level of individual neurons and neural circuits, we also need to understand how these abstract computational models map onto neural circuits - making this mapping is also core to our proposed work.