Understanding the interpersonal context of HIV/HCV risk within injecting dyads

了解注射二人组中 HIV/HCV 风险的人际背景

• 批准号: 8885785
• 负责人: Meghan D Morris
• 金额: $ 18.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8885785
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Address; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Applied Research; Attention; Automobile Driving; Award; Behavior; Cohort Studies; Complex; Data; Development; Dimensions; Drug usage; Drug user; Educational workshop; Epidemiologic Methods; Epidemiologist; Equation; Equipment; Ethics; Evaluation; Exogenous Factors; Foundations; Friends; Funding; Future; Gender; Gossypium; HIV; HIV risk; Health; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C Incidence; Hepatitis C virus; Heterogeneity; Individual; Injecting drug user; Injection of therapeutic agent; Intervention; Intravenous; Knowledge; Life; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Prevention Research; Prevention approach; Prevention strategy; Process; Public Health; Reading; Reporting; Research; Research Activity; Research Infrastructure; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Reduction; Role; Sampling; San Francisco; Science; Scientist; Shares syringes; Site; Statistical Methods; Sum; Syringes; Techniques; Testing; Training; Training Activity; Trust; United States National Institutes of Health; Water; Work; base; behavior change; career; cohort; disease transmission; efficacy testing; experience; high risk; innovation; intimate behavior; member; novel; pathogen; protective effect; psychologic; risk perception; sex; sexual HIV transmission; skills; social; theories; therapy design; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this Mentored Scientist Research Development Award (K01) is to provide the candidate with mentoring and research experiences that will promote her development as an independent public health researcher with particular methodological expertise in dyadic research methods. Objectives of the training are to develop knowledge and skills in: 1) relationship theory to understand interpersonal dynamics; 2) dyadic study methods including cohort and intervention design; 3) advanced statistical techniques for dyadic data; and 4) ethical conduct of research. Training activities will include didactic courses and specific workshops, directed reading and one-on-one tutorials with mentors, and applied research experience. The candidate will receive mentorship from a Training Committee of internationally renowned experts in the fields of socio-psychological relationship theory, dyadic methods, substance use research, and prevention science for substance using populations. The specific research aims of the proposed K01 are to: 1) measure interpersonal factors and examine their association with high-risk injecting behaviors at the dyad-level; 2) determine the mediating and moderating effects of interpersonal factors on the association between factors exogenous to the dyad and high-risk injecting behaviors; and 3) examine whether changes in levels of interpersonal factors predict high- risk injecting behavior. The research aims will be accomplished by collecting a combination of cross-sectional (n=300 pairs) and longitudinal (n=100 pairs) data from injecting dyads (pairs of individuals who inject drugs together) as part of a multi-site cohort study of HIV and hepatitis C incidence in injection drug users (InC3, PI: Page). The proposed K01 research activities leverage sponsor study infrastructure to pursue questions not posed by the sponsor study by collecting data on interpersonal factors from both members of injecting dyads. Research activities are innovative because they: (1) use a novel measurement scale for interpersonal factors; (2) use dyadic data collected from pairs of individuals who inject together; and (3) will inform dyad-based prevention strategies to reduce intravenous transmission of HIV. Findings from the proposed research will position the candidate to apply for an R34 award to develop, implement, and evaluated a dyad-based risk- reduction intervention targeting interpersonal dynamics within injecting-dyads. The findings generated under the R34 will allow the subsequent submission of an R01 to test the efficacy of a full random control trail for a dyad-based intervention targeting interpersonal factors. In sum, the K01 activities will develop the candidate into a successful independent researcher with a unique methodological skill-set which combines dyadic research methods with her foundation in qualitative and quantitative epidemiological methods.

该指导科学家研究发展奖（K 01）的目的是为候选人提供指导和研究经验，以促进她作为一名独立的公共卫生研究人员的发展，并在二元研究方法中具有特定的方法学专业知识。培训的目标是发展以下方面的知识和技能：1）理解人际动态的关系理论; 2）二元研究方法，包括队列和干预设计; 3）二元数据的高级统计技术;以及4）研究的道德行为。培训活动将包括教学课程和具体讲习班、指导阅读和与导师一对一辅导以及应用研究经验。候选人将获得社会心理关系理论，二元方法，物质使用研究和物质使用人群预防科学领域的国际知名专家培训委员会的指导。拟议的K 01的具体研究目标是：1）测量人际因素，并在二分体水平上检查它们与高风险注射行为的关联; 2）确定人际因素对二分体外生因素与高风险注射行为之间关联的中介和调节作用; 3）检查人际因素水平的变化是否预测高风险注射行为。研究目标将通过收集来自注射二人组（一起注射药物的成对个体）的横截面（n=300对）和纵向（n=100对）数据的组合来实现， 一项关于注射吸毒者中艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎发病率的多中心队列研究（InC 3，PI：Page）。拟定的K 01研究活动利用申办方研究基础设施，通过从注射二联体的两个成员中收集人际因素的数据，探讨申办方研究未提出的问题。研究活动具有创新性，因为它们：（1）使用了一种新的人际因素测量量表;（2）使用了从一起注射的成对个人中收集的二元数据;（3）将为基于二元的预防战略提供信息，以减少艾滋病毒的静脉传播。拟议研究的结果将使候选人能够申请R34奖，以开发，实施和评估一种针对注射二元组内人际动力学的基于二元组的风险降低干预措施。根据R34产生的结果将允许随后提交R 01，以测试针对人际因素的基于二分体的干预的完全随机对照试验的有效性。总之，K 01活动将培养候选人成为一名成功的独立研究人员，具有独特的方法学技能，将二元研究方法与定性和定量流行病学方法相结合。