Understanding the interpersonal context of HIV/HCV risk within injecting dyads

描述(由申请人提供)：这个科学家研究发展指导奖(K01)的目的是为候选人提供指导和研究经验，以促进她发展为一名在二元研究方法方面具有特殊方法论专长的独立公共卫生研究员。培训的目标是发展以下方面的知识和技能：1)理解人际动力学的关系理论；2)包括队列和干预设计在内的二元研究方法；3)二元数据的高级统计技术；以及4)研究的伦理行为。培训活动将包括授课课程和具体的研讨会，定向阅读和与导师的一对一教程，以及应用研究经验。候选人将接受由社会心理关系理论、二元方法、药物使用研究和药物使用人群预防科学领域的国际知名专家组成的培训委员会的指导。建议的K01的具体研究目的是：1)测量人际因素，并在二分体水平上检验其与高危注射行为的关联；2)确定人际因素对二分体外源性因素与高危注射行为之间的关联的中介和调节作用；以及3)检验人际因素水平的变化是否预测高危注射行为。研究目的将通过收集注射二联体(一起注射毒品的个人对)的横截面(n=300对)和纵向(n=100对)数据的组合来实现 注射吸毒者HIV和丙型肝炎发病率的多点队列研究(InC3，PI：PAGE)。拟议的K01研究活动利用赞助商研究基础设施，通过从注射二联体的两个成员收集关于人际因素的数据，来探讨赞助商研究没有提出的问题。研究活动具有创新性，因为它们：(1)使用一种新的人际因素测量表；(2)使用从一起注射的成对个人收集的二元数据；以及(3)将为基于二元系统的预防战略提供信息，以减少艾滋病毒的静脉传播。这项拟议的研究结果将使候选人能够申请R34奖项，以开发、实施和评估针对注射-二联体中的人际动力学的基于二联体的风险降低干预措施。在R34下产生的结果将允许随后提交R01来测试针对人际因素的基于二联体的干预的完全随机对照试验的有效性。总之，K01的活动将把候选人发展成为一名成功的独立研究人员，拥有独特的方法学技能，将二元研究方法与她在定性和定量流行病学方法方面的基础相结合。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this Mentored Scientist Research Development Award (K01) is to provide the candidate with mentoring and research experiences that will promote her development as an independent public health researcher with particular methodological expertise in dyadic research methods. Objectives of the training are to develop knowledge and skills in: 1) relationship theory to understand interpersonal dynamics; 2) dyadic study methods including cohort and intervention design; 3) advanced statistical techniques for dyadic data; and 4) ethical conduct of research. Training activities will include didactic courses and specific workshops, directed reading and one-on-one tutorials with mentors, and applied research experience. The candidate will receive mentorship from a Training Committee of internationally renowned experts in the fields of socio-psychological relationship theory, dyadic methods, substance use research, and prevention science for substance using populations. The specific research aims of the proposed K01 are to: 1) measure interpersonal factors and examine their association with high-risk injecting behaviors at the dyad-level; 2) determine the mediating and moderating effects of interpersonal factors on the association between factors exogenous to the dyad and high-risk injecting behaviors; and 3) examine whether changes in levels of interpersonal factors predict high- risk injecting behavior. The research aims will be accomplished by collecting a combination of cross-sectional (n=300 pairs) and longitudinal (n=100 pairs) data from injecting dyads (pairs of individuals who inject drugs together) as part of a multi-site cohort study of HIV and hepatitis C incidence in injection drug users (InC3, PI: Page). The proposed K01 research activities leverage sponsor study infrastructure to pursue questions not posed by the sponsor study by collecting data on interpersonal factors from both members of injecting dyads. Research activities are innovative because they: (1) use a novel measurement scale for interpersonal factors; (2) use dyadic data collected from pairs of individuals who inject together; and (3) will inform dyad-based prevention strategies to reduce intravenous transmission of HIV. Findings from the proposed research will position the candidate to apply for an R34 award to develop, implement, and evaluated a dyad-based risk- reduction intervention targeting interpersonal dynamics within injecting-dyads. The findings generated under the R34 will allow the subsequent submission of an R01 to test the efficacy of a full random control trail for a dyad-based intervention targeting interpersonal factors. In sum, the K01 activities will develop the candidate into a successful independent researcher with a unique methodological skill-set which combines dyadic research methods with her foundation in qualitative and quantitative epidemiological methods.