Substance Use Disparities among Transgender Youth

跨性别青少年的药物使用差异

• 批准号: 8967009
• 负责人: Deena Chisolm
• 金额: $ 19.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8967009
• 关键词: Administrative Supplement; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Anxiety; Appearance; Biological; Birth; Caring; Communities; Consensus; Data; Depression and Suicide; Development; Developmental Process; Diagnostic; Evidence based intervention; Family; Female; Foundations; Friends; Fright; Funding; Gays; Gender; Glare; Goals; Grant; HIV risk; Health; Health Sciences; Healthcare; Heterosexuals; Homophobia; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Interview; Lesbian Gay Bisexual; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Minority; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Outcome; Paper; Parents; Pattern; Peer Review; Persons; Pilot Projects; Prejudice; Prevention program; Process; Puberty; Public Health; Publishing; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Seminal; Site; Social isolation; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Suicide; Teenagers; Time; Underserved Population; Victimization; Work; Youth; adolescent substance use; base; behavioral health; bullying; design; experience; gender transition; health disparity; heuristics; improved; innovation; intervention program; male; peer; public health relevance; sex; stressor; theories; therapy development; tool; transgender; young adult

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overarching goal of this study is to recruit transgender youth (TGY; youth who feel that their true gender is different than their biological sex at birth) into a longitudinal study and examine substance use and associated mental health disparities. This is a very nascent field. To date there are only a handful of within- group descriptive studies reporting high rates of substance use and mental health problems among TGY (Garofalo et al., 2006; Grossman & D'Augelli, 2006), and these studies are largely focused on older teenagers and young adults and male-to-female TGY. In addition, there are only two peer-reviewed disparities studies in the literature (comparing TGY to non-TGY) and both were published within the past year (Reisner et al., 2014, Fergusson et al., 2014). Results from these studies showed that compared with non-TGY, TGY are at increased risk for substance use, depression, anxiety, and suicidality. Yet these seminal studies are limited by their cross-sectional design, absence of measures that can describe and understand transgender-related identity and developmental processes, and other important assessment tools such as face-to-face psychiatric diagnostic interviews and information regarding transgender healthcare access. Thus the primary and overarching goal of this study is to begin to explore and fill these gaps in the adolescent literature. Our specific aims are: (1) to identify and describe substance use and associated mental and behavioral health problems (e.g., depression, suicidality, HIV risk behavior) over time among TGY; and (2) to identify and examine explanatory mechanisms (risk and protective factors) of substance use disparities among TGY (e.g., victimization, social isolation, depression, family and friend support). Currently, there are no evidence-based interventions to guide TGY and families through gender transition care. Findings from this study will provide important preliminary data to inform clinicians working with TGY and will guide the development of an intervention for TGY to promote positive outcomes during the process of transitioning.

 描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的总体目标是招募跨性别青少年（TGY；认为自己真实性别与出生时的生物性别不同的青少年）参与纵向研究，并检查药物使用和相关的心理健康差异。这是一个非常新兴的领域。迄今为止，只有少数组内描述性研究报告了 TGY 中药物滥用和心理健康问题的高比例（Garofalo 等人，2006 年；Grossman & D'Augelli，2006 年），并且这些研究主要集中于年龄较大的青少年和年轻人以及男女之间的 TGY。此外，文献中只有两项经过同行评审的差异研究（比较 TGY 与非 TGY），且均在过去一年内发表（Reisner 等人，2014 年；Fergusson 等人，2014 年）。这些研究的结果表明，与非 TGY 相比，TGY 的物质使用、抑郁、焦虑和自杀风险增加。然而，这些开创性研究受到横断面设计、缺乏能够描述和理解跨性别相关身份和发展过程的措施以及其他重要评估工具（例如面对面的精神病诊断访谈和有关跨性别医疗保健获取的信息）的限制。因此，本研究的主要和总体目标是开始探索和填补青少年文献中的这些空白。我们的具体目标是：(1) 识别和描述 TGY 中药物滥用以及相关的心理和行为健康问题（例如抑郁、自杀、艾滋病毒危险行为）； (2) 确定并检查 TGY 之间物质使用差异的解释机制（风险和保护因素）（例如受害、社会孤立、抑郁、家人和朋友的支持）。目前，没有循证干预措施来指导 TGY 和家庭进行性别转变护理。这项研究的结果将为使用 TGY 的临床医生提供重要的初步数据，并将指导 TGY 干预措施的制定，以促进过渡过程中的积极结果。