Project 4: Dynamic Transport and Exposure Pathways of Contaminants in Karst Groun

项目4：喀斯特地貌污染物的动态迁移和暴露路径

• 批准号: 8649398
• 负责人: Ingrid Y Padilla
• 金额: $ 26.81万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-12 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8649398
• 关键词: Affect; Area; Attenuated; Behavior; Characteristics; Complex; Data; Detection; Diffuse; Diffusion; Dimensions; Ecosystem; Engineering; Environment; Environment and Public Health; Environmental Exposure; Event; Exposure to; Fracture; Funding; Goals; Grant; Hazardous Chemicals; Hazardous Substances; Hazardous Waste Sites; Health; Human; Knowledge; Laboratories; Malawi; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Population; Premature Birth; Process; Property; Public Health; Puerto Rico; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Scientist; Seasons; Series; Source; Spatial Distribution; Statistical Models; Superfund; System; Systems Development; Technology; Testing; Time; Tracer; Transport Process; Water; Work; contaminant transport; drinking; exposed human population; improved; migration; organic contaminant; phthalates; physical model; pollutant; prevent; remediation; research study; scale up; spatial integration; spatiotemporal; stem; volatile organic compound; water quality

PROJECT SUMMARY The proposed project studies the fate and transport of Superfund-related organic contaminants and the processes controlling their mobility, persistence, distribution, and paths toward potential exposures and/or remediation zones in karst groundwater systems. The project's specific aims are directed at characterizing fate and transport processes and concentration distributions of contaminants in karst groundwater systems typified by variable conduit and/or diffusion dominated flow, as those found in northern Puerto Rico. This region is the focal area of PROTECT's work to study exposure to Superfund hazardous chemicals and their potential contribution to high rates of preterm birth in Puerto Rico, which are the highest among U.S. jurisdictions, second second only to Malawi globally. The project focuses on chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) and phthalates as model contaminants because they are ubiquitous and have been shown to have potential health impacts. The research will build on the physical, data, and collaborative research infrastructure developed by the investigators during the first three years of the project. Karst groundwater systems, which provide over 40% of the groundwater used for drinking in the U.S., develop in soluble rocks, such as limestone and dolomites. Flow in these systems may occur through fractures, conduits, and the rock matrix. In such systems, conduits can concentrate water and contaminants from direct sources and/or diffuse flow and convey them rapidly to potential-exposure discharge points such as springs. They can also convey contaminants to "trapping" diffuse-flow zones, which can result in long-term storage and subsequent release of contaminants. Developing the ability to assess and predict contaminant transport and potential exposure to contaminants in these type of aquifers is essential to understanding and preventing health effects stemming from contaminants in the groundwater. This project will characterize and quantify the factors affecting fate and transport of contaminants in karst systems. Using experimental data and field measurements, spatiotemporal contaminant distributions and transport properties will be characterized, quantified and statistically modeled. Fundamental knowledge developed from hydraulic and transport experiments in laboratory-scale models will be integrated into field- scale measurements and tracer tests through the use of geostatistical methods. At the field scale, contaminant concentrations in groundwater wells and springs in the karst system of northern Puerto Rico will be measured during wet and dry seasons. Field-scale models will be populated with historical contamination, water quality, and hydrogeologic data from the karst groundwater of northern Puerto Rico, and used to describe spatial and temporal changes in contaminant distribution, providing the ability to predict potential dynamic exposure to contaminants in karst groundwater systems and establish strategies to protect public health.

项目概要 拟议的项目研究与超级基金相关的有机污染物的命运和迁移以及 控制其流动性、持久性、分布和潜在暴露路径的过程和/或 喀斯特地下水系统的修复区。该项目的具体目标是描绘命运 岩溶地下水系统中污染物的迁移过程和浓度分布 由可变管道和/或扩散主导的流动，如波多黎各北部发现的那样。该区域是 PROTECT 工作的重点领域是研究超级基金危险化学品的暴露及其潜力 波多黎各的早产率很高，是美国司法管辖区中最高的， 全球排名第二，仅次于马拉维。该项目重点关注氯化挥发性有机化合物 （CVOC）和邻苯二甲酸盐作为模型污染物，因为它们无处不在并且已被证明具有 潜在的健康影响。该研究将建立在物理、数据和协作研究基础设施的基础上 由研究人员在项目的前三年开发。 岩溶地下水系统提供了美国 40% 以上的饮用水地下水， 存在于可溶性岩石中，例如石灰岩和白云岩。这些系统中的流动可能通过裂缝发生， 管道和岩石基质。在此类系统中，管道可以将直接从管道中排出的水和污染物集中起来。 源和/或扩散流并将它们快速传送到潜在暴露的排放点，例如弹簧。 它们还可以将污染物输送到“捕获”扩散流区域，从而导致长期储存和污染。 随后污染物的释放。发展评估和预测污染物迁移和 潜在接触此类含水层污染物对于了解和预防至关重要 地下水污染物对健康的影响。 该项目将描述和量化影响喀斯特污染物归宿和迁移的因素 系统。利用实验数据和现场测量，污染物时空分布和 运输特性将得到表征、量化和统计建模。基础知识 根据实验室规模模型中的水力和运输实验开发的模型将被集成到现场 通过使用地质统计学方法进行尺度测量和示踪剂测试。在现场规模上，污染物 将测量波多黎各北部喀斯特系统地下水井和泉水的浓度 在雨季和旱季。现场规模模型将填充历史污染、水质、 来自波多黎各北部岩溶地下水的水文地质数据，用于描述空间和 污染物分布的时间变化，提供预测潜在动态暴露的能力 喀斯特地下水系统中的污染物并制定保护公众健康的战略。