Promotive and Protective Factors for Alcohol Use and Problems in Emerging Adults

酒精使用的促进和保护因素以及新兴成年人的问题

• 批准号: 8729462
• 负责人: William R Corbin
• 金额: $ 17.09万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-05 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8729462
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Attention; Buffers; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Ethnic Origin; Factor Analysis; Family; Gender; Growth; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Informal Social Control; Knowledge; Life; Literature; Manuals; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Outcome; Personality; Population; Prevention approach; Prevention program; Public Health; Race; Relative (related person); Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Sampling; Schools; Secondary to; Students; Target Populations; Testing; Time; Training; adolescent alcohol; alcohol effect; alcohol expectancy; alcohol prevention; base; body-mind; college; critical developmental period; design; drinking; drinking behavior; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; expectation; heavy drinking college student; high risk; innovation; knowledge base; novel; parental influence; peer; peer influence; programs; prospective; public health relevance; responsible alcohol use; skills; social; theories; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Heavy drinking among emerging adults (18-25 years) is a major public health issue that has garnered substantial attention in recent years, contributing to increased efforts to develop effective prevention programs (NIAAA, 2002). Although several prevention approaches have demonstrated positive effects, the magnitude of these effects is typically quite small, suggesting that alternative or complementary approaches are needed. Most prevention programs for emerging adults seek to reduce known risk factors for heavy drinking, with relatively little attention devoted to the identification of factors that promote responsible drinking, or that protect against established risk factors like peer influence. Examples of potential promotive/protective factors include self-regulation skills, religiosity, parental influence, personal values, and engagement in school and the community. Although there is limited research on promotive/protective factors in emerging adults, there is a substantial literature on these influences in adolescents, and this knowledge base has been effectively applied to the development of novel prevention approaches. Programs that bolster promotive and protective factors might have similar utility among emerging adults, but a comprehensive understanding of these influences in emerging adults is needed to inform the development of such programs. The proposed study seeks to develop this knowledge base through secondary analysis of six years of prospective data from a sample of college students and a cross-sectional sample of non-college peers. The proposed project will address the following major research aims: (1) identify major classes of promotive/protective factors against heavy drinking and related problems in emerging adults; (2) identify main effects of promotive factors and moderation of risk factors (e.g. protective factors) in the prediction of alcohol use and problems; (3) identify main effects of promotive factors and moderation of risk factors in the prediction of changes in drinking behavior and problems (trajectories) from late adolescence through emerging adulthood; and (4) develop a novel prevention program for incoming college freshmen that seeks to bolster promotive/protective influences. The proposed study will advance the field in several important ways. First, this study will be among the first to simultaneously examine well established risk factors and a wide range of promotive/protective influences during this critical developmental period. In addition, this will be the first such stud to utilize longitudinal data that spans multiple years (six years) from late adolescence into emerging adulthood using state of the art statistical approaches (latent-growth curve modeling). Further, the large and diverse sample of both college and non-college emerging adults will allow us to examine the generalizability of the findings to emerging adults who differ with respect to gender, race/ethnicity, and student status. Finally, the knowledge gained through this study will be directly applied to the development of a novel prevention program for first year college students. This program will be designed to strengthen identified promotive/protective factors in this high-risk population.

描述（由申请人提供）：新兴成年人的大量饮酒（18-25岁）是一个主要的公共卫生问题，近年来引起了广泛的关注，有助于加强制定有效预防计划的努力（NIAAA，2002年）。尽管几种预防方法表现出了积极的影响，但这些效果的大小通常很小，这表明需要替代或互补的方法。大多数针对新兴成年人的预防计划都试图减少已知的大量饮酒危险因素，而很少关注鉴定促进负责任饮酒的因素，或者可以防止既定风险因素（例如同伴影响力）。 潜在的促进/保护因素的例子包括自我调节技巧，宗教信仰，父母的影响力，个人价值观以及在学校和社区中的参与。尽管对新兴成年人的促进/保护因素的研究有限，但在青少年中的这些影响方面有大量文献，并且这些知识库已有效地应用于新型预防方法的发展。促进促进和保护因素的计划可能在新兴的成年人中具有相似的效用，但是需要对新兴成年人的这些影响进行全面的了解，以告知此类计划的发展。拟议的研究旨在通过对来自大学生样本的六年前瞻性数据和非大学同龄人的横断面样本进行的六年前瞻性数据来发展这一知识基础。拟议的项目将解决以下主要研究目的：（1）确定针对新兴成年人的大量饮酒和相关问题的主要促进/保护因素类别； （2）确定促进因素的主要影响以及危险因素的适度（例如保护因素）在预测酒精和问题中； （3）确定促进因素的主要影响和危险因素的适度在预测饮酒行为和问题（轨迹）的变化（从青春期晚期到新兴成年期）的预测中； （4）为新生新生制定了一种新型的预防计划，该计划试图增强促进/保护性影响。拟议的研究将以几种重要的方式推进该领域。首先，这项研究将是第一个在这个关键发育时期同时研究良好的危险因素和广泛的促进/保护性影响的研究之一。此外，这将是第一个利用纵向数据的研究，这些纵向数据跨越了几年（六年），从青春期晚期到新兴的成年后，使用最新的统计方法（潜在生长曲线建模）。此外，大学和非大学新兴成年人的大量和多样化的样本将使我们能够检查这些发现对性别，种族/种族和学生地位有所不同的新兴成年人的普遍性。最后，通过这项研究获得的知识将直接应用于针对一年级学生的新型预防计划的制定。该计划将旨在加强这种高风险人群中确定的促进/保护因素。