Contextual Influences on Alcohol Response and its Relation to Drinking Outcomes

对酒精反应的背景影响及其与饮酒结果的关系

• 批准号: 8699606
• 负责人: William R Corbin
• 金额: $ 28.49万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-15 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8699606
• 关键词: Address; Affective; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Arousal; Behavioral; Beverages; Biological; Data; Development; Disinhibition; Dose; Esthesia; Expectancy; Factor Analysis; Family history of; Female; Future; Gold; Heavy Drinking; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Negative Reinforcements; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Pharmacology; Placebo Control; Placebo Effect; Placebos; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Randomized; Relative (related person); Relaxation; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Marker; Sedation procedure; Simulate; Social Environment; Sterility; Surveys; alcohol effect; alcohol related problem; alcohol response; base; breath alcohol measurement; design; direct application; drinking; drinking behavior; experience; high risk; intervention program; pleasure; public health relevance; response; sedative; social; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Individual differences in alcohol response (AR) are robust predictors of later alcohol-related problems over periods as long as 25 years. [Yet, there has been little effort to apply this knowledge about high risk patterns of AR to prevention/intervention programs. This is in direct contrast to concerted efforts to target other well- known markers of risk (e.g. family history of alcoholism). In order to move toward the application of high-risk patterns of AR to empirically supported interventions, we must address important gaps in the literature.] First, the specific pattern of AR that confers greatest risk is till not well understood. Although there is clear evidence that a low level of response to negative alcohol effects (e.g. drowsy, dizzy) is associated with increased risk for later problems, much less is known about other aspects of AR. To date, only one study has examined the relation between high arousal positive effects (e.g. excited, talkative) and later drinking outcomes, and there are no studies on the effects of low arousal positive effects (e.g. relaxed, calm) on risk fo later problems. This is a critical issue as stronger negative reinforcement motives for drinking are robust predictors of drinking problems. Second, prior longitudinal studies have evaluated AR in settings that are not representative of typical drinking contexts (e.g. solitary drinking in a laboratory). Thus, we know little about relations between AR in more "real world" drinking contexts and later risk for negative outcomes. [This information is vital as high risk patterns of AR that do not generalize to more real-world settings may have limited practical utility. The proposed study will characterize specific patterns of AR that predict subsequent alcohol-related problems, thereby allowing the direct application of information about AR-related risks to prevention and intervention efforts. Participants (n = 360; 50% female) will be randomly assigned to one of three drinking contexts (solitary lab, group lab, or group simulated bar) with beverage condition nested within each context (n = 70 alcohol; n = 50 placebo). This three group design will allow us to examine the impact of both social (solitary vs. group) and physical (lab vs. simulated bar) context on AR.] We will use a multi-method approach (explicit, implicit, behavioral, and biological measures) to assess the full range of AR, including effects that have not been examined in prior longitudinal studies (e.g. low arousal positive and high arousal negative effects). Following the placebo controlled alcohol challenge; we will track subsequent drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems using bi-annual surveys over a two year period (4 total assessments). [This study design will allow us to examine the full range of alcohol effects as predictors of future drinking and problems, and determine if relations between AR and later drinking outcomes are dependent on context.] Findings of the proposed study will provide the basis for disseminating more detailed information about specific high-risk patterns of AR, particularly patterns of AR that individuals are readily able to discern in typical drinking contexs (e.g. group drinking or drinking in a bar setting).]

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精反应（AR）的个体差异是在25年期间与后期酒精相关问题的强大预测指标。 [但是，几乎没有努力将有关AR高风险模式的知识应用于预防/干预计划。这与针对其他众所周知的风险标志（例如，酒精中毒家族史）的共同努力形成鲜明对比。为了迈向将AR的高风险模式应用于经验支持的干预措施，我们必须解决文献中的重要差距。尽管有明确的证据表明，对负面酒精影响的反应水平较低（例如昏昏欲睡，头晕）与以后问题的风险增加有关，但对AR的其他方面的了解少得多。迄今为止，只有一项研究检查了高唤醒积极影响（例如，兴奋，健谈）与后来的饮酒结果之间的关系，并且没有关于低唤醒积极影响（例如放松，平静）对风险较高的问题的影响。这是一个关键问题，因为饮酒的更强大的负强化动机是饮酒问题的强大预测指标。其次，先前的纵向研究已经在不代表典型饮酒环境的环境中评估了AR（例如，实验室中的孤独饮酒）。因此，我们对更多“现实世界”饮酒环境中的AR之间的关系以及后来的负面结果风险一无所知。 [此信息至关重要，因为AR的高风险模式不推广到更真实的世界设置可能有限的实用性。拟议的研究将表征AR的特定模式，以预测随后的酒精相关问题，从而直接应用有关AR相关风险的信息在预防和干预工作中。参与者（n = 360; 50％女性）将被随机分配给具有嵌套在每种情况下的饮料状况（n = 70醇； n = 50安慰剂）的三种饮酒环境之一（单人实验室，小组实验室或组模拟棒）。这三个小组的设计将使我们能够检查社交（单独的小组）和身体（实验室与模拟栏）对AR的影响。]我们将使用多种方法方法（明确，隐性，行为，行为和生物学指标）来评估AR的全部范围，包括在先前的长期研究中尚未检查过的效果（例如，在较低的负面效果和高阳性效应中都没有被检查。遵循安慰剂控制的酒精挑战；我们将在两年期间使用两年一度的调查（4个总评估）跟踪随后的饮酒行为和与酒精有关的问题。 [这项研究设计将使我们能够研究各种酒精效应，以预测未来的饮酒和问题，并确定AR和以后的饮酒结果之间的关系是否取决于上下文。