Dual cigarette and smokeless tobacco use: behavior patterns and toxicant exposure

卷烟和无烟烟草的双重使用：行为模式和有毒物质暴露

• 批准号: 8877475
• 负责人: MELISSA D BLANK
• 金额: $ 7.05万
• 依托单位: WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8877475
• 关键词: Address; Advisory Committees; Affect; Alcohols; Area; Behavior; Belief; Caffeine; Carcinogens; Characteristics; Cigar; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Communities; Cotinine; Coupled; Disease; Drug usage; Ecological momentary assessment; Electronics; Environment; Evaluation; Exposure to; Flavoring; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Industry; Knowledge; Light; Location; Marketing; Measures; Menthol; Methods; Moods; Nicotine; Nicotine Dependence; Participant; Pattern; Policy Maker; Policy Research; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Records; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Serum; Shapes; Smokeless Tobacco; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Supplementation; Taxes; Time; Tin; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Toxicant exposure; United States Food and Drug Administration; Withdrawal; Work; behavior influence; cigarette smoking; contextual factors; cost; craving; design; development policy; diaries; experience; hookah; non-smoker; novel; restricting smoking; smoking restriction; snuff; snus; tobacco exposure; toxicant; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette smokers are increasingly engaging in use of alternative tobacco products: cigars, waterpipe tobacco, and smokeless tobacco (SLT). This emerging trend in tobacco consumption may reflect smokers' beliefs that these products are less lethal than cigarettes. In particular, novel SLT products (e.g., snus) may be used by smokers for purposes of reducing smoking-related harms and/or ceasing cigarettes altogether. Smokers able to successfully replace their cigarettes with these products may incur such health-related benefits. Public health officials are concerned, however, that smokers may instead supplement their cigarette use, especially given industry marketing practices coupled with indoor smoking restrictions. For instance, novel SLT products have been promoted by the industry for smokers to use in situations where cigarettes are prohibited. Similarly, some smokers report use of traditional SLT products (e.g., moist snuff) for this same reason. To better understand how smokers' health risks are affected as a result of concomitant SLT use, their natural patterns of use need to be characterized. In the proposed study, dual cigarette-SLT users will use an electronic diary for 14 consecutive days in their own environment. They will record each cigarette and SLT use episode as it occurs, as well as related contextual details (e.g., location/activity of use) and ratings of mood and craving. At the end of each day, participants will provide a saliva sample for later analysis of cotinine (metabolite of nicotine). The goals of this study are to determine whether a) cigarette smoking and salivary cotinine levels differ between dual versus single use days, and b) SLT use is promoted among smokers by temporal and contextual (e.g., indoor versus outdoor locations) factors. Study results will shed light on whether cigarette smokers' use of SLT is consistent with product supplementation or replacement, and thus whether this behavior influences their exposure to tobacco toxicants.

描述（由申请人提供）：吸烟者越来越多地使用替代烟草制品：雪茄、水烟和无烟烟草（SLT）。烟草消费的这种新趋势可能反映了吸烟者认为这些产品的致死率低于香烟的信念。特别是新颖的SLT产品（如鼻烟）可能被吸烟者用于减少与吸烟有关的危害和/或完全戒烟的目的。吸烟者能够成功地用这些产品代替香烟，可能会带来这样的健康益处。然而，公共卫生官员担心，吸烟者可能反而会补充他们的香烟使用量，特别是考虑到行业营销做法和室内吸烟限制。例如，烟草业推广了新颖的SLT产品，供吸烟者在禁止吸烟的情况下使用。同样，一些吸烟者报告使用传统的SLT产品（如湿鼻烟）也是出于同样的原因。为了更好地了解吸烟者的健康风险是如何因同时使用SLT而受到影响的，需要对他们的自然使用模式进行描述。在拟议的研究中，双烟- slt使用者将在自己的环境中连续14天使用电子日记。他们将记录每次香烟和SLT的使用情况，以及相关的上下文细节（例如，使用地点/活动）和情绪和渴望的评级。每天结束时，参与者将提供唾液样本，以便稍后分析可替宁（尼古丁的代谢物）。本研究的目的是确定a)吸烟和唾液可替宁水平在两次和一次使用日之间是否存在差异，b)吸烟者中SLT的使用是否受到时间和环境因素（例如，室内和室外地点）的促进。研究结果将揭示吸烟者使用SLT是否与产品补充或替代一致，以及这种行为是否影响他们接触烟草有毒物质。