fMRI and Treatment Response with Binge Drinking Adolescents

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然许多广泛使用的，经验支持的酒精治疗，包括动机性访谈，在减少酒精使用行为方面表现出希望，但MI在发展轨迹上的结果更加模棱两可。这意味着，虽然心肌梗死是少数对年轻人有希望的酒精治疗方法之一，但需要注意了解如何加强对这一年龄组的酒精治疗效果。根据NIAAA PAR-14-051，改善青少年治疗结果的一种途径是使用“……转化研究[以]识别潜在的神经生物学…流程……调解特定‘活性成分’与酒精使用治疗结果之间的直接联系。”因此，我们建议使用一种尖端的转化方法来连接基础生物学和行为研究领域。我们将使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来评估脑基（BOLD）反应如何介导会话内显著活性成分（治疗师行为）与青少年酒精使用治疗结果（饮酒问题）之间的联系。为了实现这些目标，我们将招募243名目前的青少年酗酒者（14-19岁，过去一个月有40次酗酒事件）参加这种酒精治疗（2次1小时的MI治疗）。与PAR-14-051一致，这项研究将在几个方面催化青少年酒精治疗领域的运动。首先，它将确定在经验支持的酒精治疗中显着的活性成分如何引发神经认知变化。其次，它将决定在离开治疗师办公室后，神经认知反应将如何直接与年轻人的行为变化联系起来。第三，这项研究将开始为青少年成瘾领域的新转化研究铺平道路。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While many widely-used, empirically-supported alcohol treatments, including motivational interviewing, show promise in reducing alcohol use behaviors, MI has much more equivocal results down the developmental trajectory. Meaning, while MI is one of the few alcohol treatments that shows promise with youth, attention is needed to understand how to strengthen alcohol treatment outcomes for this age group. In line with NIAAA PAR-14-051, one route to improving treatment outcomes for youth is through using "...translational research [to] identify potential neurobiological...processes that....mediate the direct link between specific 'active ingredients' and alcohol use treatment outcomes." We are therefore proposing to use a cutting-edge translational approach to bridge the fields of basic biological and behavioral research. We will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate how brain-based (BOLD) response mediates the link between salient within session active ingredients (therapist behaviors) and adolescents' alcohol use treatment outcomes (problem drinking). To achieve these aims, we will enroll 243 current adolescent binge drinkers (14-19 year olds, with > 4 past month binge drinking events) in this alcohol treatment (2 x 1-hour sessions of MI). Consistent with PAR-14-051, this study will catalyze movement in the field of adolescent alcohol treatment in several ways. First, it will establish how salient active ingredients within an empirically-supported alcohol treatment initiate neurocognitive changes. Second, it will determine how that neurocognitive response will directly relate to behavior change in youth once they leave the therapist's office. Third, this study will begin to pave the way for new translational studies in the field of adolescent addiction.