Fragmented & Unpredictable Prenatal Environment in Humans; Nature & Outcomes

健康结果和疾病风险的很大一部分差异可归因于发育 胎儿生命过程中对各种环境影响的反应。然而，确切的性质是 早期环境信号影响终生认知和认知能力的暴露和机制 情感结果是未知的。在啮齿动物身上的最新发现(项目1)表明，接触 母体信号的碎片化模式深刻地影响着已经在 青春期。在人类身上，我们发现了母亲参数影响的有力证据，包括 焦虑和抑郁，对胎儿、婴幼儿和儿童神经行为的影响。在建设性的指导下 在评论家的评论和我们强大的新数据的支持下，我们建议对 胎儿期母体情绪状态碎片化及显著生理信号模式的影响 生活在后来的情感和认知上的脆弱性。 我们的前瞻性研究强烈支持母体信号的碎片化对结局的作用[3] 揭示了一项新的发现：12个月大的婴儿的智力发展在 产前和产后对母亲情绪状态的暴露是一致的，即使这些母亲状态 都很压抑。支离破碎/不一致的产前和产后母体情绪状态与 婴儿认知功能受损的结果。。 在经修订的中心方法范围内，项目2将与项目3、4和 用于1)检验胎儿暴露于支离破碎的母体情绪状态的假设的计算核心 在婴儿期和晚年(项目3，4)增加对认知和情绪缺陷的脆弱性。 (2)在评审员的指导下，我们将正式测试胎儿是否接触到母亲心脏的碎片化模式 节拍是一个显著的信号，它增加了婴儿时期认知和情感缺陷的脆弱性。(3) 检验这样一种假设，即出生前和出生后母亲情绪状态之间的不一致性会增加 1岁儿童对认知和情绪缺陷的脆弱性。(4)检验胎儿的假设 对碎片化和不可预测性的脆弱性与性别有关。 全面修订的项目2将重点放在母亲信号的几个有效测量上， 探索创新项目，并与修订后的中心的其他项目和核心相结合。利用 从胎儿时期到青春期的人类队列的独特资源，该项目将做出贡献 对于严格评估胎儿生命中感觉信号的碎片化模式的作用具有重要意义 论青少年的情感和认知脆弱性

A significant proportion of variation in health outcomes and disease risk is attributable to developmental processes during fetal life in response to a variety of environmental influences. However, the precise nature of the exposure and the mechanisms by which early environmental signals influence life-long cognitive and emotional outcomes are unknown. Recent findings in rodents (Project 1) indicate that exposure to fragmented patterns of maternal signals profoundly influence emotional and cognitive outcomes already in adolescence. In the human, we have found strong evidence for the effect of maternal parameters, including anxiety and depression, on fetal, infant and child neurobehavioral outcome. Guided by the constructive comments of the Reviewers and supported by our strong new data, we propose the novel examination of the influence of fragmented maternal emotional states and patterns of salient physiological signals during fetal life on later emotional and cognitive vulnerabilities. In strong support of a role for fragmentation of maternal signal on outcome, our prospective study [3] uncovered the novel finding that mental development of 12 month old infants is enhanced when their prenatal and postnatal exposure to maternal emotional states are consistent, even if these maternal states are depressive. Fragmented / inconsistent pre-and postnatal maternal emotional states were associated with impaired infant cognitive outcome. . Within the revised Center approach, Project 2 will interact closely with Projects 3,4 and the Computational core to 1) Test the hypothesis that fetal exposure to fragmented maternal emotional states increases vulnerabilities to cognitive and emotional deficits during infancy and (with Projects 3,4), later in life. (2) Guided by the reviewers, we will formally test if fetal exposure to fragmented patterns of maternal heart beats is a salient signal that increases vulnerabilities to cognitive and emotional deficits during infancy. (3) Test the hypothesis that inconsistency between pre- and postnatal maternal emotional states will increase the vulnerability to cognitive and emotional deficits in 1 year-old children. (4) Test the hypothesis that fetal vulnerability to fragmentation and unpredictability is sex-dependent. The comprehensively revised Project 2 will focus on several validated measures of maternal signals, explore innovative ones, arid integrate with the other projects and Cores of the revised Center. Exploiting the unique resource of a human cohort followed from fetal life to adolescence, the Project will contribute significantly to the rigorous evaluation of the role of fragmented patterns of sensory signals during fetal life on adolescent emotional and cognitive vulnerabilities