Abuse liability of reduced nicotine content cigarettes within a complex tobacco marketplace

项目摘要/摘要 2009年，美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)被授权减少，但不是消除， 烟草产品中的尼古丁如果有益于公众健康的话。有了这一权力，FDA可以测试 推测尼古丁的剂量可以减少到不会导致上瘾的水平 通常与传统香烟一起观察。在提议的项目中，我们将使用行为经济学 在较大烟草的背景下检查减少尼古丁香烟消费的方法 集市。这些实验将评估与常规尼古丁相比，减少尼古丁的滥用倾向。 香烟以及将低尼古丁香烟引入更大市场的影响 添加或取代传统卷烟，并解决两个具体目标。具体目标1是检查 烟草中尼古丁浓度和由此产生的血浆尼古丁对实验室行为经济学的影响 采用学科内设计来衡量需求强度和弹性。具体目标2是评估 卷烟需求强度、弹性和剂量替代的行为经济学度量 模拟2种不同潜在监管环境的4种条件下的实验烟草市场 和2个控制条件。实验烟草市场是我们最近在我们的 实验室，允许实验性的价格操纵，同时模拟真实市场，具有广泛的 一系列可用的烟草产品。这一新的模式将使我们能够前瞻性地确定可能的 将低尼古丁含量香烟引入复杂的烟草市场的后果。这些 研究解决了关于减少尼古丁滥用责任的至少三个重要知识空白 香烟：(1)减值-尼古丁香烟(滥用倾向)，(2)这些减值尼古丁 卷烟是一种越来越复杂的烟草，是传统卷烟的首选和替代品 市场，以及(3)将低尼古丁香烟引入市场是否会影响 消费其他不可燃烧的尼古丁产品。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT In 2009, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was granted authority, to reduce, but not eliminate, nicotine in tobacco products if it benefited the public health. With this authority, the FDA could test the speculation that the dose of nicotine could be reduced to a level that would not result in the addictive process usually observed with conventional cigarettes. In the proposed project, we will use behavioral economic methods to examine consumption of reduced-nicotine cigarettes within the context of the larger tobacco marketplace. These experiments will assess the abuse liability of reduced-nicotine compared to conventional cigarettes and the impact of introducing reduced-nicotine cigarettes into the larger marketplace either in addition to or instead of conventional cigarettes and address two specific aims. Specific Aim 1 is to examine the effect of nicotine concentration in tobacco and resulting plasma nicotine on laboratory behavioral economic measures of demand intensity and elasticity with a within-subject design. Specific Aim 2 is to assess behavioral economic measures of demand intensity and elasticity of cigarettes and substitution by dose in the Experimental Tobacco Marketplace under 4 conditions that mimic 2 different potential regulatory environments and 2 control conditions. The Experimental Tobacco Marketplace is a method we recently developed in our laboratory that allows experimental price manipulation while simulating real-world markets featuring a wide range of available tobacco products. This novel model will permit us to prospectively identify the possible consequences of introducing low nicotine containing cigarettes into the complex tobacco market. These studies address at least three important gaps in knowledge concerning abuse liability of reduced-nicotine cigarettes: (1) How valued are reduced-nicotine cigarettes (abuse liability), (2) Would these reduced-nicotine cigarettes be preferred and substitute for conventional cigarettes in an ever more complex tobacco marketplace, and (3) Would the introduction of reduced-nicotine cigarettes into the marketplace influence the consumption of other non-combustible nicotine products.