Light responses and microcircuitry of two novel amacrine cell types in the retina

视网膜中两种新型无长突细胞类型的光响应和微电路

• 批准号: 9131523
• 负责人: Jason Jacoby
• 金额: $ 5.61万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9131523
• 关键词: Address; Afferent Neurons; Amacrine Cells; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; CRF receptor type 1; Cells; Clinical; Complex; Coupled; Coupling; Development; Diagnostic tests; Dopamine; Feedback; Gap Junctions; Goals; Health; Interneurons; Intervention; Knowledge; Label; Lateral; Left; Light; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Morphology; Mus; Nervous system structure; Neuraxis; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurons; Neurosciences; Nitric Oxide; Physiological; Physiology; Play; Process; Property; Research; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Role; Signal Pathway; Structure; Synapses; System; Tissues; Typology; Visual; cell type; combat; frontier; horizontal cell; insight; luminance; neural circuit; novel; novel therapeutics; postsynaptic; receptive field; relating to nervous system; research study; response; signal processing; visual information; visual process; visual processing; visual stimulus

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite decades of research characterizing the structure and function of numerous cell types in the retina, the encoding properties of retinal amacrine cells remain largely unknown. The overall goal of my research is to contribute to our current understanding of visual processing in the retina by characterizing the intrinsic properties and connectivity of two newly identified retinal amacrine cell subtypes. To determine the physiological properties and synaptic microcircuitry of the CRH-1 retinal amacrine cell. I will be the first to (A) characterize the light responses of genetically labeled CRH-1 amacrine cells to a variety of visual stimuli. I will then (B) place CRH-1 into the context of a functional circuit by identifying postsynaptic retinal ganglion cells. These measurements will allow me determine whether CRH-1 cells could mediate feedforward inhibition in the inner retina. To examine the dynamics of gap-junctional coupling between nNOS-2 amacrine cells and the role of this network in visual processing. In preliminary experiments characterizing another genetically labeled amacrine cell, nNOS-2, I have discovered that these cells form an extensive coupled network. I will examine (A) whether nNOS-2 coupling is modulated by mean luminance and whether the modulatory signaling pathway involves dopamine or nitric oxide. I will also (B) determine how nNOS-2 coupling impacts visual response properties by measuring dendritic morphology and receptive fields in the same cells.

 描述（由申请人提供）：尽管对视网膜中多种细胞类型的结构和功能进行了数十年的研究，但视网膜无长突细胞的编码特性仍然很大程度上未知。我研究的总体目标是通过表征内在特性来促进我们目前对视网膜视觉处理的理解 以及两种新发现的视网膜无长突细胞亚型的连接性。确定 CRH-1 视网膜无长突细胞的生理特性和突触微电路。我将第一个 (A) 描述基因标记的 CRH-1 无长突细胞对各种视觉刺激的光反应。然后，我将 (B) 通过识别突触后视网膜神经节细胞将 CRH-1 置于功能回路中。这些测量将使我能够确定 CRH-1 细胞是否可以介导视网膜内层的前馈抑制。研究 nNOS-2 无长突细胞之间间隙连接耦合的动态以及该网络在视觉处理中的作用。在表征另一种基因标记的无长突细胞 nNOS-2 的初步实验中，我发现这些细胞形成了一个广泛的耦合网络。我将检查 (A) nNOS-2 耦合是否受平均亮度调节以及调节信号通路是否涉及多巴胺或一氧化氮。我还将 (B) 通过测量同一细胞中的树突形态和感受野来确定 nNOS-2 偶联如何影响视觉反应特性。