Light responses and microcircuitry of two novel amacrine cell types in the retina

视网膜中两种新型无长突细胞类型的光响应和微电路

• 批准号: 9307848
• 负责人: Jason Jacoby
• 金额: $ 5.92万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9307848
• 关键词: Address; Afferent Neurons; Amacrine Cells; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; CRF receptor type 1; Cells; Clinical; Complex; Coupled; Coupling; Development; Diagnostic tests; Dopamine; Feedback; Gap Junctions; Goals; Interneurons; Intervention; Knowledge; Label; Lateral; Left; Light; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Morphology; Mus; Nervous system structure; Neuraxis; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurons; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Neurosciences; Nitric Oxide; Physiological; Physiology; Play; Property; Research; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Diseases; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Role; Signal Pathway; Structure; Synapses; System; Tissues; Typology; Visual; cell type; combat; experimental study; frontier; horizontal cell; information processing; insight; luminance; neural circuit; novel; novel therapeutics; postsynaptic; public health relevance; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; signal processing; visual processing; visual stimulus

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite decades of research characterizing the structure and function of numerous cell types in the retina, the encoding properties of retinal amacrine cells remain largely unknown. The overall goal of my research is to contribute to our current understanding of visual processing in the retina by characterizing the intrinsic properties and connectivity of two newly identified retinal amacrine cell subtypes. To determine the physiological properties and synaptic microcircuitry of the CRH-1 retinal amacrine cell. I will be the first to (A) characterize the light responses of genetically labeled CRH-1 amacrine cells to a variety of visual stimuli. I will then (B) place CRH-1 into the context of a functional circuit by identifying postsynaptic retinal ganglion cells. These measurements will allow me determine whether CRH-1 cells could mediate feedforward inhibition in the inner retina. To examine the dynamics of gap-junctional coupling between nNOS-2 amacrine cells and the role of this network in visual processing. In preliminary experiments characterizing another genetically labeled amacrine cell, nNOS-2, I have discovered that these cells form an extensive coupled network. I will examine (A) whether nNOS-2 coupling is modulated by mean luminance and whether the modulatory signaling pathway involves dopamine or nitric oxide. I will also (B) determine how nNOS-2 coupling impacts visual response properties by measuring dendritic morphology and receptive fields in the same cells.

 描述（由申请人提供）：尽管数十年的研究表征了视网膜中许多细胞类型的结构和功能，但视网膜无长突细胞的编码特性在很大程度上仍然未知。我研究的总体目标是通过表征视网膜的内在特性来促进我们目前对视网膜视觉处理的理解 和两个新发现的视网膜无长突细胞亚型的连接。研究CRH-1视网膜无长突细胞的生理特性和突触微电路。我将是第一个（A）描述基因标记的CRH-1无长突细胞对各种视觉刺激的光反应的人。然后，我将（B）通过识别突触后视网膜神经节细胞，将CRH-1置于功能回路的背景中。这些测量将使我能够确定CRH-1细胞是否可以介导视网膜内层的前馈抑制。研究nNOS-2无长突细胞之间缝隙连接偶联的动力学以及该网络在视觉加工中的作用。在表征另一种遗传标记的无长突细胞nNOS-2的初步实验中，我发现这些细胞形成了一个广泛的耦合网络。我将研究（A）nNOS-2偶联是否受平均亮度的调节，以及调节信号通路是否涉及多巴胺或一氧化氮。我还将（B）通过测量相同细胞中的树突形态和感受野来确定nNOS-2偶联如何影响视觉反应特性。