Implementation Strategies and Effectiveness for Walking School Bus Programs

步行校车项目的实施策略和效果

• 批准号: 9315413
• 负责人: Jordan A. Carlson
• 金额: $ 8.67万
• 依托单位: CHILDREN'S MERCY HOSP (KANSAS CITY, MO)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-24 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9315413
• 关键词: Adopted; Adult; Area; Cardiovascular Diseases; Child; Chronic Disease; Cognition; Communities; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Evaluation Studies; Exhibits; Foundations; Funding; Future; Geographic Locations; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Healthy People 2020; Home environment; Hybrids; Individual; International; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Learning; Logistics; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Molecular Chaperones; Obesity; Outcome; Participant; Penetration; Physical activity; Prevention; Preventive service; Process; Psychometrics; Public Health; Qualitative Methods; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recreation; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Route; Sampling; Schools; Structure; Students; Surveys; Testing; Time; Travel; Walking; Work; Youth; aged; base; cancer type; contextual factors; design; effective intervention; elementary school; evidence base; implementation research; implementation science; improved; novel; population health; programs; prospective; social; success; theories

1 PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT 2 1 Physical activity is essential for healthy development in youth and prevention of chronic diseases such as 2 obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some types of cancer. Youth typically need to accrue physical 3 activity across multiple settings, including at home, at school, in recreation areas, and through active travel, to 4 meet the 60 minutes per day guideline for total physical activity. Active travel to school, in particular, is 5 promising for improving youth health because (1) youth who regularly walk to school have an average of 15-20 6 more minutes per day of total physical activity, and (2) less than 25% of youth walk to school, suggesting 7 substantial room for improvement. Walking School Bus programs, which involve adult chaperones walking to 8 school with groups of students, are gaining popularity across the US and world, but little evidence exists on 9 implementation of Walking School Bus programs. Initial evidence suggests that levels of fidelity and 10 sustainability are highly variable in existing programs. The proposed study will use the Consolidated 11 Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and mixed-methods to systematically evaluate 12 implementation contexts (i.e., barriers, facilitators, and processes) and implementation outcomes (i.e., 13 implementation success) within existing Walking School Bus programs. Our team includes experts in youth 14 physical activity, implementation science, qualitative methods, and Walking School Bus practice. Our specific 15 aims are to (1) describe implementation contextual factors that distinguish between existing Walking School 16 Bus programs with high- vs. low- implementation success, and (2) determine whether key program descriptive 17 factors are associated with implementation success. A concurrent mixed-methods design will be used to merge 18 quantitative and qualitative data to maximize the ability to capture both breadth and depth of information. First, 19 we will conduct a brief survey of 200 existing Walking School Bus programs from across the US and world to 20 learn from a variety of approaches. Then, we will interview 12-15 programs with high-implementation success 21 and 12-15 programs with low-implementation success to capture in-depth information on factors related to 22 success. Interviews will be transcribed and content analyzed by two researchers to rate the impact of each 23 CFIR construct on implementation, and garner in-depth descriptions of the implementation factors. The 24 identified best practices, as related to implementation fidelity, penetration, and sustainability, will inform the 25 development of a set of implementation principles and quantitative measures to support a future R01 hybrid 26 implementation/effectiveness evaluation study of Walking School Bus programs across the US. Evidence- 27 informed guidance for implementing effective Walking School Bus programs could have meaningful impacts on 28 improving overall physical activity and population health in youth. Such programs could be better incorporated 29 into existing widespread Safe Routes to School efforts, which receive national funding, to provide a multi-level 30 approach (i.e., social and environmental) for supporting walking to school.

1个项目摘要/摘要 2. 1体育锻炼对青少年的健康发展和预防慢性疾病是必不可少的，例如 肥胖、糖尿病、心血管疾病和某些类型的癌症。年轻人通常需要积累体能 3多个环境中的活动，包括在家里、学校、娱乐区和通过积极旅行，以 4达到每天60分钟的总体力活动时间。尤其是积极的上学旅行， 5有希望改善青年健康，因为(1)经常步行上学的青年平均有15-20岁 每天多做6分钟的体力活动，(2)不到25%的年轻人步行上学，这表明 7.有很大的改进空间。步行校车计划，其中包括成年监护人步行到 8所有学生团体的学校在美国和世界范围内越来越受欢迎，但几乎没有证据表明 9实施徒步校车计划。初步证据表明，保真度和 10可持续发展在现有的项目中有很大的变数。拟议的研究将使用综合 11实施研究框架和系统评价的混合方法 12实施环境(即障碍、促进者和进程)和实施成果(即， 13实施成功)在现有的步行校车计划中。我们的团队包括青年专家 14体力活动、实施科学、定性方法和步行校车练习。我们的特定 15目标是(1)描述区分现有步行学校的实施背景因素 16个实施成功率高与低的总线计划，以及(2)确定关键计划是否具有描述性 17个因素与实施成功有关。将使用并发混合方法设计来合并 18定量和定性数据，以最大限度地获取信息的广度和深度。第一, 19我们将对美国和世界各地现有的200个步行校车项目进行简要调查，以 20从各种方法中学习。然后，我们将采访12-15个高实施成功率的节目 21个和12-15个实施成功率较低的计划，以获取与以下因素相关的深入信息 22成功。采访将由两名研究人员转录和分析内容，以评估各自的影响 23关于实施的CFIR构建，并对实施因素进行了深入的描述。这个 24与实施保真度、渗透率和可持续性有关的已确定的最佳做法将为 25制定一套实施原则和量化措施，以支持未来的R01混合动力车 26全美步行校车计划实施/效果评估研究。证据- 27实施有效步行校车计划的知情指导可能对以下方面产生重大影响 28改善青年的整体体力活动和人口健康。这样的项目可以更好地结合起来 29将现有广泛存在的安全途径转化为学校，这些学校接受国家资助，提供多层次的 30支持步行上学的方法(即，社会和环境)。