Sleep and the Neural Basis of Emotion Processing in Childhood

睡眠与童年情绪处理的神经基础

• 批准号: 9167621
• 负责人: MONIQUE K LEBOURGEOIS
• 金额: $ 24.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-12 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9167621
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Age; Anxiety; Arousal and Regulatory Systems; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Brain; Brain region; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Conduct Clinical Trials; Control Groups; Data; Development; Disease; Emotional; Emotions; Epidemiology; Exhibits; Face; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Health; Home environment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Measures; Medicine; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Moods; Myelin; National Institute of Mental Health; Negative Valence; Neural Pathways; Neurobiology; Parents; Pathway interactions; Polysomnography; Positive Valence; Predisposition; Prevention program; Problem behavior; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Research; Research Domain Criteria; Research Project Grants; Risk Factors; Safety; Schedule; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Staging; Structure; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Work; actigraphy; active control; base; behavior measurement; clinical Diagnosis; early childhood; emotion dysregulation; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; improved; innovation; intervention program; negative affect; neuromechanism; novel; positive emotional state; prevent; relating to nervous system; research study; response; showing emotion; symptomatic improvement

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Research on processes influencing the development of affective brain circuits is critical to elucidating the neurobiological substrates of psychiatric disorders. Mechanistic evidence from adults showing a sleep- dependent functional “disconnect” between brain regions central to adaptive emotion processing (i.e., regulation and expression) suggests that sleep loss is a fundamental target. Similar data in young children, however, do not exist. Early childhood is a sensitive period in the maturation of sleep and emotion processing and also a time when disturbance in both domains is commonly first detected. Further, epidemiological findings reveal that insufficient sleep in childhood is prevalent, associated with concurrent emotional problems, and predicts later mood and attentional disorders. Although our recent experimental findings indicate that acute sleep loss results in non-adaptive emotion processing in young children, the neural systems underlying such sleep-dependent effects are not known. Also, the vast majority of basic research on sleep and affective substrates has utilized sleep deprivation or sleep restriction protocols. We will instead employ sleep extension in chronically sleep-restricted children, a highly translatable approach with significant public health implications. This R21 Exploratory/Developmental research project will examine whether experimental sleep extension in children alters the neural and behavioral mechanisms by which short sleep is a risk factor for emotional/behavioral problems. Children ages 5.0-5.9 years with chronic insufficient sleep (≤9 h/night for ≥6 months) will be randomized to either a sleep Extension or to an active Control group. Extension group parents will participate in a 1-month individualized behavioral sleep intervention to promote targeted sleep duration improvements before beginning a 2-week sleep Extension schedule (8 week protocol). Brain and behavioral assessments will occur at Baseline and post sleep Extension. These include structural MR, fMRI and in- scanner video of facial emotion expressions during a task eliciting negative and positive emotions, and in- home testing of emotion processing and executive function. The following hypotheses will be tested: 1) Extension compared to Control group children will show decreased negative emotion sensitivity and increased positive emotion sensitivity as measured by fMRI activation of positive/negative affect systems, in-scanner facial emotion expressions during task completion, and in-home behavioral assessments; and 2) Extension compared to Control group children will exhibit increased functional connectivity between regulatory/context- processing systems and positive/negative affect systems during task completion. The proposed research is in line with several strategic goals of the NIMH, and the approach includes measures that span a number of constructs of the Research Domain Criteria Project. The results of this work are critical to developing a mechanistic understanding of sleep – emotion links during early childhood and will inform early prevention and intervention programs targeting children with emotional/behavioral problems.

项目摘要 /摘要 影响影响情感大脑电路发展的过程的研究对于阐明阐明 精神疾病的神经生物学基材。来自成年人的机械证据，显示睡眠 大脑区域之间的依赖功能“断开连接”是适应性情绪处理的中心（即 调节和表达）表明睡眠损失是一个基本目标。幼儿的类似数据， 但是，不存在。幼儿时期是睡眠和情感处理成熟的敏感时期 而且，通常首先检测到两个领域的灾难的时期。此外，流行病学 调查结果表明，儿童睡眠不足是普遍的，与并发情绪问题有关， 并预测以后的情绪和注意力障碍。尽管我们最近的实验发现表明 急性睡眠损失导致幼儿的非自适应情绪处理，这是神经元系统 这种睡眠依赖性效果尚不清楚。此外，绝大多数关于睡眠和情感的基础研究 底物利用睡眠剥夺或睡眠限制协议。相反，我们将使用睡眠扩展 在长期睡眠限制的儿童中，这是一种具有重大公共卫生影响的高度可翻译的方法。 该R21探索性/发展研究项目将检查实验性睡眠扩展是否扩展 儿童改变了短暂睡眠是一个危险因素的神经和行为机制 情绪/行为问题。慢性睡眠不足的5.0-5.9岁儿童（≤9h/night≥6 几个月）将被随机分为睡眠延伸或主动对照组。扩展小组父母 将参加1个月的个性化行为睡眠干预措施以促进目标睡眠时间 开始2周的睡眠延长时间表（8周协议）之前的改进。大脑和行为 评估将在基线和睡眠扩展后进行。这些包括结构性MR，fMRI和IN- 扫描仪视频在任务过程中表达面部情感表达的视频，引起负面和积极的情绪，以及 情绪处理和执行功能的家庭测试。将测试以下假设：1） 与对照组相比，儿童的扩展将显示出降低的负面情绪敏感性并增加 通过fMRI激活正/负面影响系统，积极的情绪敏感性，扫描仪 任务完成期间的面部情绪表达和在家中的行为评估； 2）扩展 与对照组相比，儿童将存在调节/环境之间的功能连通性 - 任务完成期间的处理系统和正/负面影响系统。拟议的研究是 与NIMH的几个战略目标一致，该方法包括跨越许多的措施 研究领域标准项目的结构。这项工作的结果对于开发一个 对睡眠的机械理解 - 幼儿期间的情绪联系，将为早期预防和 针对患有情绪/行为问题的儿童的干预计划。