Neural pathways and behavioral state in the visual system

视觉系统中的神经通路和行为状态

• 批准号: 9251289
• 负责人: Cristopher M Niell
• 金额: $ 35.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF OREGON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-05-01 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9251289
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Address; Anatomy; Anesthesia procedures; Animals; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Models; Brain; Brain Stem; Code; Cognition; Data; Disease; Dominant Genetic Conditions; Dorsal; Dyslexia; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Geometry; Goals; Head; In Vitro; Knowledge; Lateral Geniculate Body; Lead; Locomotion; Mammals; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Molecular Genetics; Mus; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus; Play; Primates; Process; Property; Regulation; Research; Retina; Retinal Ganglion Cells; Rodent; Role; Schizophrenia; Series; Signal Transduction; Silicon; Stimulus; Study models; Testing; Thalamic structure; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Pathways; Visual Perception; Visual impairment; Visual system structure; Work; awake; base; behavior influence; behavioral study; cell type; cholinergic; cognitive process; density; design; experimental study; extracellular; extrastriate visual cortex; ganglion cell; in vivo; innovation; insight; neural circuit; neuroregulation; novel therapeutics; optogenetics; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; sensory gating; sensory input; tool; transmission process; visual coding; visual control; visual information; visual processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of our research is to understand how visual processing is influenced by behavioral demands. The visual thalamus (dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, LGN) plays a key role in this process, as it provides an intermediate relay between the retina and cortex, where transmission can be dynamically regulated based on multiple modulatory inputs. Although thalamic function has been studied extensively in vitro and under anesthesia, we still do not understand how behavioral state modulates the multiple pathways in LGN during awake visual processing. To address this gap we will study the mouse visual system, in order to take advantage of the range of molecular genetic tools that are available to identify and manipulate the underlying neural circuits. In our first aim, we will delineate the visal pathways present in mouse LGN, both in terms of neural coding and spatial organization, as measured with high-density in vivo electrophysiology. Next, we will determine how information in these pathways is modulated by behavioral state, by measuring the changes in visually-evoked neural activity associated with locomotion in alert subjects. Finally, we will test the role of neuromodulatory inputs in mediating the effects of behavioral state, using optogenetic manipulation of cholinergic circuitry. This work will advance our understanding of the selective gating of information in the brain, which is essential for both visual function and cognitive processes.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们研究的目标是了解视觉处理如何受到行为需求的影响。视觉丘脑（背外侧膝状体核，LGN）在这一过程中起着关键作用，因为它提供了视网膜和皮质之间的中间中继，其中传输可以基于多个调制输入进行动态调节。虽然丘脑功能已经在体外和麻醉下进行了广泛的研究，我们仍然不知道行为状态如何调节清醒视觉加工过程中LGN的多个途径。为了解决这个问题，我们将研究小鼠的视觉系统，以便利用一系列分子遗传工具来识别和操纵潜在的神经回路。在我们的第一个目标中，我们将描绘视觉通路存在于小鼠LGN，无论是在神经编码和空间组织，在体内高密度电生理学测量。接下来，我们将通过测量与警觉受试者的运动相关的视觉诱发神经活动的变化，确定这些通路中的信息如何被行为状态调制。最后，我们将使用胆碱能电路的光遗传学操作来测试神经调节输入在介导行为状态的影响中的作用。这项工作将促进我们对大脑中信息选择性门控的理解，这对视觉功能和认知过程都至关重要。