New, Emerging, and Traditional Tobacco Use in the Military

新型、新兴和传统烟草在军事中的使用

• 批准号: 9519209
• 负责人: Robert C Klesges
• 金额: $ 64.39万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9519209
• 关键词: Affective; Air; Alcohol abuse; Alcohols; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Belief; Carcinogen exposure; Cigar; Cigarette; Cognitive; Country; Data; Decision Making; Devices; Electronic cigarette; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Funding; Gender; High Prevalence; Incidence; Intervention Studies; Investigation; Knowledge; Length; Life; Marketing; Military Personnel; Minority; Nicotine; Participant; Perception; Population; Prevalence; Price; Process; Publishing; Recruitment Activity; Reproducibility; Research; Research Priority; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Sample Size; Sampling; Schools; Self Efficacy; Smokeless Tobacco; Smoking; Stress; Subgroup; Surveys; Texas; Time; TimeLine; Tobacco; Tobacco Industry; Tobacco use; Training; University resources; Validation; Vulnerable Populations; Wichita; base; cigarette smoking; clinically significant; cohort; demographics; discount; epidemiology study; falls; high risk population; hookah; improved; instrument; male; psychosocial; public health relevance; response; risk perception; smoking prevalence; snus; social; tobacco advertising; tobacco control

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The U.S. Military is a high-risk population for tobacco use given their demographics (young, predominantly male, high minority prevalence), psychosocial risk factors (rebelliousness and risk-taking behaviors, high prevalence of alcohol abuse), stress of deployment, and targeted marketing by the tobacco industry. Currently, more than 30% of active duty military personnel use tobacco and that prevalence has been increasing since 1998. Military personnel are considered a highly vulnerable population. Advancing our understanding of the prevalence, incidence and diversity of tobacco product use in this population will improve scientific knowledge and inform FDA tobacco regulatory decision-making. We were funded FDA supplemental funding to collect preliminary process and formative information as well as instrument validation in a small cohort of military personnel assessing traditional and new and emerging tobacco products. In the current application, we are proposing a logical extension of these efforts by expanding our assessment of new and emerging tobacco products, along with concomitant risk factors of tobacco use with a sufficient sample size to evaluate small, but clinically significant subgroup (e.g., gender, ethnicity) and tobacco type (e.g., e-cigarettes) differences. We will collect data on 30,000 Airmen, Air National Guard, and Reservists by administering surveys at three time-points (baseline, 1 year, 2 years) at the four active Technical Training Air Forces Bases (AFBs). To determine the optimal length of time between survey assessments, we will first conduct a pilot investigation to determine the reproducibility, feasibility, and amount of new information learned by evaluating participants Reservists every three months. Thus, the specific aims of the current study are to: (1) Determine the prevalence and incidence of traditional tobacco products, new and emerging tobacco products, and multiple tobacco use behaviors; (2) Determine social cognitive (e.g., self-efficacy) and affective factors (e.g., perceptions, attitudes, beliefs) associated with the use of new and emerging tobacco products, ST, and little cigars; (3) Evaluate how marketing claims of reduced carcinogen exposure (e.g., switching from cigarettes to ST) influence perceptions and beliefs about risk and harm of different tobacco product use; (4) Assess the association between awareness of tobacco marketing strategies (e.g., free samples and price promotions), how they receive information about tobacco products, and tobacco use behaviors among Airmen; and (5) To directly compare tobacco initiation, resumption, and predictors of tobacco use between (a) Airmen (who remain active duty) with (b) National Guard/Reservists (who train and then return to civilian life). This will allow a direct comparison of those who remain in the military environment versus those who return to the civilian sectors.

 描述（由应用程序提供）：鉴于他们的人口统计学（年轻，主要是男性，高少数族裔），社会心理危险因素（叛逆和冒险行为，高度滥用酒精滥用），部署压力以及由烟草行业靶向营销，美国军方是烟草使用的高风险人群。目前，超过30％的现役军人使用烟草，自1998年以来，我们一直在增加。军事人员被认为是高度脆弱的人口。促进我们对该人群中烟草产品使用的普遍性，发病率和多样性的理解将改善科学知识并为FDA烟草监管决策提供信息。我们获得了FDA补充资金的资助，以收集初步的过程和形成性信息，以及在当前应用中传统，新和新兴的烟草评估中的一小部分军事人员评估中，我们正在提出这些努力的逻辑扩展，通过扩展这些努力的逻辑扩展，通过扩展我们对新的和新出现的烟草产品的评估，以及较小的烟草的限制，以及综合型风险因素的繁重型号，andbocco的风险因素，又一量的风险因素，又一量的风险因素，又一量的风险因素，又一量的风险因素，andbocco的造型因素又可以扩展。亚组（例如性别，种族）和烟草类型（例如电子烟）差异。我们将通过在四个主动技术训练空军基地（AFB）的三个时间点（基线，1年，2年）进行调查，以收集30,000名飞行员，国民警卫队和预备役人员的数据。为了确定调查评估之间的最佳时间长度，我们将首先进行试点调查，以确定每三个月评估参与者预备役人员学习的新信息的可重复性，可行性和数量。这是当前研究的具体目的是：（1）确定传统烟草产品，新的和新兴的烟草产品以及多种烟草使用行为的患病率和发病率； （2）确定与使用新的和新兴的烟草产品，ST和Little Cigars相关的社会认知（例如自我效能感）和情感因素（例如，感知，参加，相信）； （3）评估营销降低致癌物暴露的主张（例如，从文明香烟转换为ST）如何影响看法，并相信不同烟草产品使用的风险和危害； （4）评估对烟草营销策略（例如免费样品和价格促销）的认识，他们如何接收有关烟草产品的信息与飞行员使用烟草行为之间的关联； （5）直接将烟草倡议，恢复和预测因素（a）飞行员（仍保持现役）与（b）国民警卫队/预备役人员（训练然后返回平民生活）之间使用烟草使用。这将可以直接比较那些留在军事环境中的人与返回平民部门的人。