Temporal processing and speech understanding in older cochlear implantees

老年人工耳蜗植入者的时间处理和言语理解

• 批准号: 9355563
• 负责人: Matthew J. Goupell
• 金额: $ 30.66万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9355563
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Algorithms; Area; Auditory; Biological; Biological Aging; Biological Factors; Bionics; Brain; Bypass; Cochlea; Cochlear Implants; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Cueing for speech; Data; Dementia; Devices; Elderly; Electric Stimulation; Electrophysiology (science); Goals; Grant; Hand; Hearing; Human; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Longevity; Measurement; Mission; Modeling; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Noise; Outcome; Performance; Peripheral; Population; Public Health; Quality of life; Research; Sensory; Son; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; age effect; age related; auditory processing; base; cognitive change; deafness; disability; effective intervention; hearing impairment; implantation; improved; innovation; new technology; relating to nervous system; response; restoration; sensory prosthesis; speech processing; spiral ganglion; tool

ABSTRACT: A cochlear-implant (CI) restores high levels of speech understanding to individuals across the lifespan. However, a gap in knowledge exists because we do not understand how aging affects hearing in CI users. Aging is associated with changes at multiple levels of the brain, thereby making it difficult to determine if the poorer auditory performance that occurs with advancing age is a result of changes in the auditory periph- ery, central auditory neural structures, cognition, or a combination of the three mechanisms. Since a CI by- passes the cochlea, we propose an innovative approach for investigating aging and hearing by using a human CI model. Using age (younger vs older adults) and group (CI vs normal hearing, NH) comparisons will allow us to determine the age-related contributions of cochlear and central factors to hearing. The long-term goals of this project are to (1) determine how to maximally remediate age-related auditory and cognitive processing def- icits with a CI and (2) better understand the biological effects of auditory aging. The objective of this grant is to establish age as an observable and significant factor for auditory temporal processing in CI users. Our central hypothesis is that advancing age significantly degrades central temporal processing and speech understanding abilities in CI users, which is independent of the age-related peripheral hearing loss that occurs in acoustically- hearing subjects. The rationale for the proposed research is that there is a rapidly increasing number of older adults that elect to receive a CI, but there is essentially no research on this specific population that fully utilizes the available array of research tools to study hearing in this population; our field arguably has minimal direct evidence and understanding of age-related changes to auditory processing of electrical stimulation. With strong preliminary data in hand, the central hypothesis will be tested by pursuing three specific aims: (1) De- termine the extent to which temporal processing abilities decrease with age using highly-controlled and simple (non-speech) stimuli in CI subjects; (2) Determine the extent to which age-related temporal processing factors affect speech understanding in CI subjects; and (3) Determine the extent to which aging affects cortical tem- poral encoding of speech in CI subjects. This approach is innovative because: (1) the topic of aging in older CI users is an under-studied area and (2) by using a CI model, we will better understand the biological factors un- derlying how aging affects hearing. Our outcomes will provide a significant positive impact on hearing and un- derstanding speech with a CI, which will increase CI users' quality of life.

摘要：人工耳蜗植入（CI）可以恢复整个人类的高水平语言理解能力。 寿命然而，知识的差距存在，因为我们不知道如何老化影响听力CI 用户.衰老与大脑多个层面的变化有关，因此很难确定是否 随着年龄的增长而出现的较差的听觉表现是听觉周边变化的结果， 中枢听觉神经结构，认知，或三种机制的结合。因为一个线人- 通过耳蜗，我们提出了一种创新的方法，通过使用人类 CI模型。使用年龄（年轻人与老年人）和组（CI与正常听力，NH）比较将使我们能够 以确定耳蜗和中枢因素对听力的年龄相关贡献。的长期目标 该项目是（1）确定如何最大限度地补救与年龄相关的听觉和认知处理缺陷， 与CI和（2）更好地了解听觉老化的生物学效应。该补助金的目的是 年龄是CI使用者听觉时间处理的一个可观察的重要因素。我们的中央 一种假设是，年龄的增长显著降低了中央时间处理和语音理解 CI用户的能力，这是独立的年龄相关的周边听力损失，发生在声学- 听力科目。拟议研究的理由是，老年人的数量迅速增加， 选择接受CI的成年人，但基本上没有对这一特定人群的研究， 现有的一系列研究工具来研究这一人群的听力;我们的领域可以说有最小的直接 证据和理解与年龄有关的变化，以听觉处理的电刺激。与 强有力的初步数据在手，中心假设将通过追求三个具体目标进行测试：（1）去- 使用高度控制和简单的方法来确定时间处理能力随年龄下降的程度。 （2）确定年龄相关的时间加工因素在多大程度上影响了CI受试者的（非言语）刺激; 影响CI受试者的言语理解;和（3）确定衰老影响皮质TEM的程度。 在CI受试者中的言语的poral编码。这种方法是创新的，因为：（1）老年CI中的衰老话题 用户是一个研究不足的领域，（2）通过使用CI模型，我们将更好地了解生物因素， 研究衰老如何影响听力。我们的成果将对听力和非听力产生重大的积极影响。 这将提高CI用户的生活质量。