权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Advancing addiction research and capacity to guide tobacco control in the Eastern

推进成瘾研究和指导东部地区烟草控制的能力

基本信息

批准号：
9316565
负责人：
Wasim Maziak
金额：
$ 30.63万
依托单位：
FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-09-01 至 2019-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9316565
关键词：
Address Adopted Advocacy Appearance Assessment tool Attitude Awareness Cessation of life Cigarette Cigarette Smoker Clinical Cognitive Communities Cues DSM-IV Dependence Developing Countries Development Diagnosis Disease Early Intervention Educational workshop Epidemic Exposure to Failure Family Funding Grant Health Policy Incubators Institutes International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10)Intervention Knowledge Maintenance Malignant Neoplasms Mediterranean Region Mentorship Methods Modeling Monitor Monodon Morbidity - disease rate National Institute of Drug Abuse Negative Reinforcements Nicotine Dependence Outcome Pattern Pharmaceutical Preparations Pipe smoker Plant Roots Policies Positive Reinforcements Predictive Factor Process Product Labeling Property Public Health Recruitment Activity Regulation Research Research Personnel Risk Science Seeds Sensory Smoker Smoking Social Welfare Symptoms Syndrome Syria Testing Theoretical model Tobacco Tobacco Dependence Tobacco smoking Tobacco use Training Training Programs Withdrawal Symptom Withholding Treatment Work Youth addiction base cigarette smoking cohort contextual factors coping design evidence base experience grasp hookah instrument longitudinal design mortality non-smoker pipe smoking public health relevance relapse risk social social learning therapy development tobacco control tool trend

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tobacco smoking continues to be the number 1 preventable cause of morbidity and mortality, contributing to millions of deaths every year and wreaking havoc on the welfare of families and communities worldwide. Although smokers are usually aware of smoking risks, they find quitting difficult due to the formidable grip of nicotine dependence (ND). So far, ND research has primarily focused on cigarettes, yet for many youth worldwide, tobacco addiction can be maintained by means other than the cigarette. In particular, over the past decade, water pipe (WP) smoking (a.k.a. hookah, shisha, narwhal) has dramatically become a worldwide phenomenon among youth. WP's worrisome trends have been monitored closely at the Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies (SCTS), where some of the pioneer evidence about its harmful and addictive properties was generated. Despite this, evidence-based solutions to the WP epidemic still lag behind. Obviously, interventions are needed to discourage WP initiation among youth, treat dependent WP smokers, and advance policy and product regulations. Unfortunately, this is hindered in part by the lack of knowledge on how ND develops and manifests in WP smokers. Characterizing ND in WP smokers will help guide the timing and composition of cessation treatments, as well as to counter deceptive product labeling, and drive public health policies to limit WP promotion and youth access. Most studies of ND in WP smokers to date are limited by cross sectional designs, instruments that are geared towards the cigarette, or failure to account for important personal and contextual factors. Thus, an approach that is rooted in common theoretical models of ND, and applies WP- sensitive tools within a longitudinal design has the potential of capturing the full spectrum of ND in young WP smokers. We will adopt this approach to test the following hypotheses: (1) symptoms of ND will appear despite intermittent use patterns in the majority of WP smokers and will predict important clinical outcomes (failed quitting, escalation), (2) the trajectory of ND inWP smokers differs from that of cigarette, and (3) the progression to ND in WP smokers is influenced by personal and contextual factors. For this purpose, we will recruit 250 WP smokers and nonsmokers susceptible to WP, and similar numbers for cigarettes, from 10th graders in Aleppo-Syria (H15 years at baseline) and follow them twice/year for 3 yrs. We plan to test these hypotheses by 1- detecting the first symptoms and diagnosis of ND among WP smokers, 2- comparing common trajectories of ND symptoms among WP smokers, cigarette smokers, and dual smokers, and 3- determining factors that predict ND development in young WP smokers. This project will allow us also to train researchers in Syria and the EMR in tobacco addiction science through a combination of training workshops, seed grants, and extended mentorship. We hope through this project to gain experience about ND in young WP smokers that can guide the development of interventions to reduce WP use and curtail WP-related morbidity and mortality.

描述（由申请人提供）：吸烟仍然是发病率和死亡率的头号可预防原因，每年导致数百万人死亡，并对全世界家庭和社区的福利造成严重破坏。虽然吸烟者通常都知道吸烟的风险，但由于尼古丁的强大控制力，他们发现戒烟很困难依赖性（ND）。到目前为止，ND研究主要集中在香烟上，但对于世界各地的许多青少年来说，烟草成瘾可以通过香烟以外的方式维持。特别是，在过去的十年里，水管（WP）吸烟（a.k.a.水烟、水烟、独角鲸）已戏剧性地成为青年人中的一种世界性现象。叙利亚烟草研究中心（SCTS）一直在密切监测WP令人担忧的趋势，在那里产生了一些关于其有害和成瘾特性的先驱证据。尽管如此，以证据为基础的WP流行病解决方案仍然落后。显然，需要采取干预措施，以阻止青年人开始使用WP，治疗依赖WP的吸烟者，并推进政策和产品法规。不幸的是，这在一定程度上是由于缺乏关于ND如何在WP吸烟者中发展和表现的知识而受到阻碍。描述WP吸烟者的ND将有助于指导戒烟治疗的时机和组成，以及对抗欺骗性产品标签，并推动公共卫生政策限制WP推广和青年获得。迄今为止，大多数WP吸烟者ND的研究都受到横截面设计、针对香烟的仪器或未能考虑重要的个人和环境因素的限制。因此，基于ND的通用理论模型，并在纵向设计中应用WP敏感工具的方法具有捕获ND全谱的潜力年轻的WP吸烟者我们将采用这种方法来检验以下假设：（1）尽管大多数WP吸烟者采用间歇性使用模式，但仍会出现ND症状，并将预测重要的临床结局（戒烟失败，升级），（2）WP吸烟者的ND轨迹与香烟不同，（3）WP吸烟者向ND的进展受个人和环境因素的影响。为此，我们将从叙利亚阿勒颇的10年级学生中招募250名WP吸烟者和易受WP影响的非吸烟者，以及类似数量的香烟我们计划通过1-检测WP吸烟者中ND的首次症状和诊断，2-比较WP吸烟者中ND症状的常见轨迹，吸烟者和双重吸烟者，以及预测年轻WP吸烟者ND发展的3个决定因素。该项目还将使我们能够通过培训讲习班，种子赠款和延长导师制的组合来培训叙利亚和EMR的烟草成瘾科学研究人员。我们希望通过这个项目获得关于年轻WP吸烟者ND的经验，可以指导干预措施的发展，以减少WP的使用和减少WP相关的发病率和死亡率。