Imaging Stimulant Effects on Emotional Lability in Children with ADHD

影像学刺激对多动症儿童情绪不稳定的影响

• 批准号: 9119615
• 负责人: Jonathan E Posner
• 金额: $ 51.73万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-16 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9119615
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Affective; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Attenuated; Automobile Driving; Basal Ganglia; Behavioral; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Cognitive; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Dissociation; Dorsal; Educational Status; Emotional; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Hippocampus (Brain); Hyperactive behavior; Image; Impairment; Imprisonment; Impulsivity; Insula of Reil; Knowledge; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Modality; Motor Cortex; Neurobiology; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Performance; Perfusion; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Placebos; Play; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psychiatry; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research; Rest; School-Age Population; Spin Labels; Structure; Structure of supramarginal gyrus; Symptoms; Testing; Therapeutic; Underemployment; Youth; base; behavior measurement; clinical effect; cognitive control; cohort; effective therapy; emotion regulation; emotional stimulus; executive function; improved; inattention; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; psychostimulant; public health relevance; reduce symptoms; response; social; stem

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common disorders in pediatric psychiatry affecting 3-8% of school age children. Although ADHD is primarily characterized by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity, emotional lability is a common and impairing symptom in this population. Little is known, however, about the neurobiological substrates that underlie emotional lability in children with ADHD. Moreover, psychostimulants, the first-line treatment of ADHD, are known to reduce ADHD symptoms including emotional lability, yet the neurobiological mechanisms by which psychostimulants have their salutary effects upon emotional lability have scarcely been studied. To address this knowledge gap, we propose to conduct a longitudinal, multimodal MRI study to examine the effects of psychostimulants on the brain's affective network in children with ADHD. We will combine a multimodal MRI study with a randomized clinical trial of the psychostimulant lisdexamfetamine such that study participants will have an MRI scan prior to treatment and then a second MRI scan after 12 weeks of treatment with either lisdexamfetamine or placebo. The study will advance our knowledge of the neurobiology underlying emotional lability in children with ADHD, as well as the mechanism by which psychostimulants alleviate this symptom. Advancing this type of knowledge is critical for several reasons, but most importantly a clearer understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms by which psychostimulants are effective will promote the development of more effective and targeted treatments, as well as advance our understand of the pathophysiology of ADHD.

描述（由申请人提供）：注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 是儿科精神病学中最常见的疾病之一，影响 3-8% 的学龄儿童。尽管多动症的主要特征是注意力不集中、多动和冲动，但情绪不稳定是该人群中常见的损害症状。然而，人们对多动症儿童情绪不稳定的神经生物学基础知之甚少。此外，众所周知，精神兴奋剂是 ADHD 的一线治疗药物，可以减轻 ADHD 症状，包括情绪不稳定，但精神兴奋剂对情绪不稳定产生有益作用的神经生物学机制却很少被研究。为了解决这一知识差距，我们建议进行一项纵向、多模态 MRI 研究，以检查精神兴奋剂对 ADHD 儿童大脑情感网络的影响。我们将把多模态 MRI 研究与精神兴奋剂赖右苯丙胺的随机临床试验结合起来，研究参与者将在治疗前进行 MRI 扫描，然后在使用赖右苯丙胺或安慰剂治疗 12 周后进行第二次 MRI 扫描。这项研究将增进我们对多动症儿童情绪不稳定的神经生物学的了解，以及精神兴奋剂缓解这种症状的机制。出于多种原因，推进此类知识至关重要，但最重要的是，更清楚地了解精神兴奋剂有效的神经生物学机制将促进更有效和更有针对性的治疗方法的开发，并增进我们对多动症病理生理学的理解。