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Longitudinal Assessment of Neural Circuits in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa

神经性厌食症青少年神经回路的纵向评估

基本信息

批准号：
9917857
负责人：
Jonathan E Posner
金额：
$ 71.86万
依托单位：
NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-04-07 至 2022-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9917857
关键词：
18 year old Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent and Young Adult Adult Aftercare Age Amygdaloid structure Anatomy Anorexia Nervosa Behavior Behavioral Body Weight decreased Brain Categories Characteristics Choice Behavior Chronic Corpus striatum structure Data Data Analyses Development Diagnostic Diet Diffusion Disease Disease remission Dorsal Eating Eating Behavior Food Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Functional disorder Habits Individual Intake Link MRI Scans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures Mediating Mental disorders Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Neurobiology Neurocognitive Outcome Pathologic Pharmacology Process Recovery Resistance Rest Rewards Severities Stereotyping Symptoms System Teenagers Testing Time Youth brain circuitry clinical predictors critical period design effective intervention experimental study follow-up habit learning interest longitudinal design mortality multimodality neural circuit neurobiological mechanism neuromechanism new therapeutic target novel prospective relating to nervous system reward circuitry reward processing severe mental illness tractography treatment effect treatment strategy

项目摘要

Project Summary Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious mental illness that confers the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder. Current treatments are inadequate and no pharmacologic agents have proven effective. A better understanding of the development and pathophysiology of AN is greatly needed. We propose a longitudinal, multimodal MRI study of reward and habit circuits in youth (ages 14-18) with AN, compared with age-matched healthy controls (HC), followed over two years. We focus on adolescence because this is a critical, yet understudied, period in AN. Pathological dieting typically emerges during adolescence, and the course of AN is often determined during this period with approximately half of teens showing full recovery, whereas the rest endure persistent illness. Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms by which some teens develop persistent AN, while others remit, is critical to developing the most effective interventions. Our study will examine neural mechanisms guiding food choice and neural connectivity in mesolimbic and habit-related circuits among youth with AN who continue with illness compared with those who remit, and compared with HC. We will examine these neural circuits at baseline and study their developmental trajectories. Our Food Choice Task captures restrictive intake, a core behavioral disturbance in AN, and therefore we can directly examine the link between brain activity and eating behavior. Using longitudinal, multimodal MRI at 3- time points, we will first test whether the function and connectivity of mesolimbic reward and dorsal habit circuits predict the longer-term course of AN. Second, we will examine longitudinal changes within these two neural circuits of interest. We predict that at baseline, restrictive food choice in youth with AN will be mediated by mesolimbic reward circuitry; however, at year-2 follow-up, in teens for whom the disorder persists, restrictive food choice will be mediated by dorsal striatal habit circuitry. The study will (i) chart the developmental trajectories of reward and habit circuits in youth with AN; (ii) advance our understanding of the mechanisms by which AN persists to chronicity, and (iii) help develop targets for novel therapeutic strategies.

项目总结