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Predictive Coding Abnormalities in Psychosis: EEG and fMRI

精神病中的预测编码异常：脑电图和功能磁共振成像

基本信息

批准号：
9482228
负责人：
Judith M Ford
金额：
$ 9.52万
依托单位：
NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-08 至 2018-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Schizophrenia affects ~1% of all people. It is characterized by delusions and hallucinations resulting in high morbidity and mortality. These symptoms may be underpinned by misperceptions and misinterpretations of sensations that result from a basic inability to predict sensations and adapt to deviations from the expected. If predictive coding mechanisms are dysfunctional, sensations that should have been predicted, but were not, may take on inappropriate salience and lead to the construction of delusional schema to explain aberrant experience. These errors of prediction are costly to society and the patient. Predictive coding models posit that higher order brain areas develop and maintain representations of predictable sensory stimuli, increasing efficiency of neural activity by reducing sensory cortical responses to these stimuli and increasing sensory responses to stimuli that violate the predicted pattern. In such models, the role of primary sensory cortices is to encode and transmit sensory "prediction errors," that is, to respond mainly to those stimuli that deviate from the brain's representations of expected stimuli. In context-based predictive coding, the brain acquires and remembers the context of regular temporal and spatial patterns of sensory input. In action-based predictive coding, the predictability of sensory events derives from the fact that sensory events are a predictable consequence of one's own actions, and do not need to be learned or remembered. Conceptually, action-based predictive coding models subsume efference-copy/corollary discharge forward model systems described across the animal kingdom in which an "efference copy" of an impending motor plan is transmitted from motor to sensory cortex where it generates a "corollary discharge" representation of the expected sensory consequences of the imminent motor act. Building on our prior work, we propose to ask how predictability and performance monitoring affect action-based predictive coding and how they affect sensory/perceptual processing in schizophrenia. We will use EEG and fMRI, acquired separately and simultaneously, to interrogate details of efference copy and corollary discharge components of action-based predictive coding. Using EEG, we can assess the split-second activity preceding a motor act, or the efference copy. Using fMRI, we can assess the spatial precision of the suppressive action of the corollary discharge mechanism. By integrating EEG and fMRI, we can understand the functional neuroanatomical basis of predictive coding and its abnormalities in schizophrenia. Finally, we are adopting a paradigm and using methods that are translatable to animal models of SZ and that can ultimately be used to identify specific elements of circuits involved in predictive coding, transmitters involved in te neural mechanisms responsible for predictive coding, and even genes that underlie psychotic experiences and behavior.

描述（由申请人提供）：精神分裂症影响约1%的人。它的特点是妄想和幻觉，导致高发病率和死亡率。这些症状可能是由于基本无法预测感觉和适应与预期的偏差而导致的对感觉的误解和误解。如果预测编码机制是不正常的，那么应该被预测但没有被预测的感觉可能会出现不适当的突出，并导致构建妄想图式来解释异常体验。这些预测错误对社会和病人来说都是代价高昂的。预测编码模型假设高阶大脑区域发展和维持可预测的感觉刺激的表征，通过减少对这些刺激的感觉皮层反应和增加对违反预测模式的刺激的感觉反应来提高神经活动的效率。在这种模型中，初级感觉皮层的作用是