Physical Activity and Redesigned Community Spaces (PARCS) Study Diversity Supplement

体育活动和重新设计的社区空间 (PARCS) 研究多样性补充

• 批准号: 9461230
• 负责人: Terry T-K Huang
• 金额: $ 4.06万
• 依托单位: GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH POLICY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2020-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9461230
• 关键词: Accelerometer; Accounting; Address; Adult; Anxiety; Behavior; Biometry; Capital; Cities; Communities; Community Health; Complex; Control Groups; Data; Data Collection; Eligibility Determination; Epidemiology; Etiology; Evaluation; Future; Goals; Green space; Health; Health Status; Health Technology; Housing; Individual; Intervention; Investments; Long-Term Effects; Low income; Measures; Mental Health; Monitor; Natural experiment; Nature; Neighborhoods; New York; New York City; Obesity; Outcome; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Physical activity; Play; Policies; Population Growth; Poverty; Public Health Schools; Radial; Randomized; Recreation; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Self Efficacy; Site; Social support; Stress; Structure; Surveys; Text; Time; Universities; Well in self; base; built environment; cohesion; community partnership; design; group intervention; health disparity; improved; intervention effect; longitudinal design; mHealth; member; multilevel analysis; physical conditioning; prevent; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; satisfaction; social; socioeconomics; urban planning; urban underserved

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The built environment plays a critical role in promoting physical activity and health. The association between parks, as a key attribute of the built environment, and physical activity, however, remains inconclusive. This project employs a natural experiment design to assess the impact of the Community Parks Initiative (CPI), a New York City Department of Parks and Recreation (NYC Parks) park redesign and renovation initiative, on physical activity, park usage, psychosocial and mental health, and community wellbeing. The project will use a longitudinal design with matched controls. NYC Parks has identified 134 parks with extreme capital needs in high-priority neighborhoods and will begin renovating parks in waves. In late 2016, the first wave of 35 parks across 55 neighborhoods will close for renovations; these parks will reopen in late 2017. From this initial wave, 20 interventio parks have been selected for inclusion in this study. Intervention park neighborhoods have been matched to a control group of 20 socio-economically similar park neighborhoods that will not be renovated during the study. The study will address two aims. In Aim 1, investigators will compare total volume of PA and other health outcomes among residents in the intervention vs. control park neighborhoods (defined as .25 mile radius around each park) from baseline to 2.5 years post-renovation. We hypothesize that improvements will be observed in PA and health levels in intervention but not control neighborhoods. In Aim 2, an additional 10 park neighborhoods receiving renovation in 2018 and reopening in 2019 will be used to monitor replicability of intervention effects at 1.5 years post-renovation. This combined design enhances our ability to infer causality in a natural experiment. We aim to recruit and retain 40 study participants per park neighborhood, after attrition, for a total of 1600 participants in Aim 1 and 400 in Aim 2. Study participants will represent two distinct sociodemographic strata in each neighborhood: low-income housing and community- engaged residents. Measures include direct park observations and program checklists, park quality, self- reported and GPS-tracked park usage, accelerometry-based physical activity, self-reported psychosocial health, and perceived community wellbeing. The largest natural experiment of its kind to date, this study represents a rare opportunity to provide robust evidence to further our understanding of the complex relationship between parks and physical activity, psychosocial and mental health, and community wellbeing. The findings will inform future investments in health-oriented urban design policies and offer evidence for addressing health disparities through built environment strategies.

 描述（由申请人提供）：建筑环境在促进身体活动和健康方面发挥着关键作用。然而，作为建筑环境的一个关键属性，公园与体育活动之间的关联仍然没有定论。该项目采用自然实验设计来评估社区公园倡议 (CPI)、纽约市公园和娱乐部 (NYC Parks) 公园重新设计和翻新倡议对体育活动、公园使用、心理社会和心理健康以及社区福祉的影响。该项目将采用纵向设计和配套控制。纽约市公园管理局已在高优先级社区确定了 134 个资金需求极大的公园，并将开始分批改造公园。 2016年底，第一批覆盖55个社区的35个公园将关闭进行翻修；这些公园将于 2017 年底重新开放。从第一轮开始，我们已选择 20 个干预公园纳入本研究。干预公园社区已与 20 个社会经济相似的公园社区组成的对照组相匹配，这些社区在研究期间不会进行翻修。该研究将解决两个目标。在目标 1 中，调查人员将比较干预公园社区（定义为每个公园周围 0.25 英里半径）居民从基线到改造后 2.5 年的 PA 总量和其他健康结果。我们假设干预措施会观察到 PA 和健康水平的改善，但控制社区不会改善。在目标 2 中，另外 10 个公园社区将在 2018 年进行翻修并于 2019 年重新开放，用于监测翻修后 1.5 年干预效果的可复制性。这种组合设计增强了我们在自然实验中推断因果关系的能力。我们的目标是在每个公园社区招募并保留 40 名研究参与者，在减员后，目标 1 的参与者总数为 1600 名，目标 2 的参与者总数为 400 名。研究参与者将代表每个社区的两个不同的社会人口阶层：低收入住房和社区居民。措施包括直接公园观察和项目清单、公园质量、自我报告和 GPS 跟踪的公园使用情况、基于加速度测量的身体活动、自我报告的社会心理健康状况以及感知的社区福祉。这项研究是迄今为止同类中规模最大的自然实验，它提供了一个难得的机会，可以提供强有力的证据，以进一步了解公园与体育活动、心理社会和心理健康以及社区福祉之间的复杂关系。研究结果将为未来对以健康为导向的城市设计政策的投资提供信息，并为通过建筑环境战略解决健康差异提供证据。