Cerebellar Structure and Function in Alcoholism

酒精中毒的小脑结构和功能

• 批准号: 9302605
• 负责人: EDITH VIONI SULLIVAN
• 金额: $ 49.47万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-07-01 至 2020-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9302605
• 关键词: Abstinence; Affect; Age; Alcoholism; Americas; Atlases; Attenuated; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain imaging; Cerebellar cortex structure; Cerebrum; Characteristics; Cognitive; Data; Disease remission; Education; Equilibrium; Exhibits; Family history of; Frequencies; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Gait; Goals; Impairment; Injury; Instruction; Intelligence; Knowledge; Length; Magnetic Resonance; Maintenance; Measures; Methods; Motor; Neuroanatomy; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Perfusion; Pharmacological Treatment; Physiologic pulse; Posture; Prefrontal Cortex; Problem Solving; Public Health; Recovery; Recruitment Activity; Regional Perfusion; Relapse; Research; Rest; Risk; Short-Term Memory; Site; Smoking History; Structure; System; Testing; Thalamic structure; Tremor; Visuospatial; alcohol use disorder; base; blood perfusion; brain volume; cognitive task; graph theory; gray matter; human subject; indexing; neuroimaging; novel; problem drinker; rehabilitation strategy; sex; sobriety; success; therapy development

Alcohol use disorders exact a substantial toll on America's public health especially with respect to brain structure and its functions. The goal of this expanded research plan is to identify mechanisms of alcoholism- induced brain injury using advanced magnetic resonance brain imaging (MRI) that could guide rehabilitation strategies and ultimately inform pharmacological treatment development. Alcoholism's dynamic cycle of remission and relapse can result in compromised functioning, selectively destructive to problem solving, working memory, visuospatial abilities, and gait and balance. Converging evidence strongly implicates disruption of frontocerebellar circuitry as a principal contributor to the characteristic pattern of alcoholism- related impairment. Findings generated from the current research revealed this circuitry comprises multiple dissociable loops, each subserving different cognitive or motor functions. We also established which loops are affected and which are spared in alcoholism and have discovered instatement of novel functional connections associated with good performance and longer sobriety in recovering alcoholics. In addition to these task-activated findings, our resting-state (rs) fMRI studies identified intrinsic functional connectivity networks that are affected and others that are spared in alcoholics. Our pursuit now will be to test whether network recruitment can be redirected from disrupted nodes and networks to alternative functional circuitry for overcoming selective dysfunction. Proposed are 3 specific aims with testable hypotheses: Specific Aim 1: To elucidate the status with short-term abstinence and change with sustained abstinence or relapse of resting-state intrinsic and task-activated functional cerebellar networks; Specific Aim 2: To determine the impact of sustained sobriety or relapse on alcoholism-induced degradation ofthe neuroanatomy and cerebral blood perfusion on task-activated and intrinsic connectivity networks involving frontocerebellar circuitry; Specific Aim 3: To examine the motor and cognitive ramifications of sobriety-related or reIapse-related changes measured in intrinsic network connectivity identified with rsfMRI.

酒精使用障碍对美国的公共卫生造成重大损害，尤其是在大脑方面 结构及其功能。这项扩展研究计划的目标是确定酗酒的机制—— 使用先进的磁共振脑成像（MRI）诱发脑损伤，可以指导康复 策略并最终为药物治疗的开发提供信息。酗酒的动态循环 缓解和复发可能导致功能受损，选择性地破坏问题的解决， 工作记忆、视觉空间能力、步态和平衡能力。综合证据强烈暗示 额小脑回路的破坏是酒精中毒特征模式的主要原因 相关的损害。当前研究的结果表明该电路包含多个 可分离的循环，每个循环都促进不同的认知或运动功能。我们还建立了哪些循环 受到影响并且免受酒精中毒的影响，并发现了新的功能 酗酒者康复过程中良好的表现和较长时间的清醒与良好的表现有关。此外 这些任务激活的发现，我们的静息态 (rs) fMRI 研究确定了内在的功能连接 受影响的网络和其他未受到酗酒者影响的网络。我们现在的追求是测试是否 网络招募可以从中断的节点和网络重定向到替代功能电路 用于克服选择性功能障碍。提出了 3 个具有可检验假设的具体目标： 具体目标 1：阐明短期戒断的状态以及持续戒断或戒断后的变化 静息态内在和任务激活的功能性小脑网络的复发； 具体目标 2：确定持续清醒或复发对酗酒引起的退化的影响 任务激活和内在连接网络的神经解剖学和脑血液灌注 涉及额小脑回路； 具体目标 3：检查清醒相关或复发相关的运动和认知影响 通过 rsfMRI 识别的内在网络连接测量的变化。