Translational Studies of Brain Circuitry Disrupted by Alcoholism

酒精中毒扰乱大脑回路的转化研究

• 批准号: 7684835
• 负责人: EDITH VIONI SULLIVAN
• 金额: $ 21.95万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-10 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7684835
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Aging; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Animal Model; Animals; Behavioral; Behavioral Sciences; Bilateral; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Cerebellum; Characteristics; Chemistry; Clinical; Cognitive; Collaborations; Communities; Complement; Corpus Callosum; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dose; Drug Addiction; Educational process of instructing; Environment; Equilibrium; Financial compensation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Impairment; Individual; International; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Left; Lesion; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium; NIH Program Announcements; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neuropsychology; Neurosciences; Neurosciences Research; Outcome; Performance; Physics; Principal Investigator; Process; Protons; Psychiatry; Public Health; Radiology Specialty; Rattus; Recovery; Recruitment Activity; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Proposals; Resolution; Resources; Role; Rosemary; Scientist; Senior Scientist Award; Sensory; Spectrum Analysis; Structure; Students; Support System; System; Testing; Universities; Visual; Work; age related; alcohol exposure; base; career development; cognitive neuroscience; design; falls; gray matter; improved; in vivo; innovation; interest; medical schools; neural circuit; neural recruitment; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neuropsychological; partial recovery; problem drinker; professor; programs; relating to nervous system; response; senescence; sobriety; translational study; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This K05 application is in response to an NIAAA Program Announcement (PA-06-555) for a Senior Scientist Award and represents a synthesis of NIH-funded projects on which I am principal investigator. As a professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine, I have two principal roles: 1) as a scientist, I conduct human and animal, translational studies of the effects of alcoholism and aging on brain structure and function; 2) as a mentor, I teach and lead developing neuroscientists in all aspects of my neuroscience program. Environment: Stanford University's neuroscience research community is dynamic, multifaceted, and attracts the brightest students at all levels of career development. I have major collaborations in my own department as well as in Radiology, the Neuroscience Program, and SRI International. Fundamental to my research is access to advanced neuroimaging facilities and expertise for my own and my mentees1 human and animal studies. The combined resources of my laboratory, the neuroimaging facilities, and the exceptional formal and informal neuroscience educational programs of the greater Stanford community provide a rich environment for my mentees. Research. My program of research uses quantitative behavioral neuroscience approaches that are complemented with structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI and fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) with the aim of characterizing affected brain regions in alcoholism itself and in interaction with brain changes associated with senescence. In addition to human investigations, my research entails animal models of excessive alcohol exposure. The ultimate goal of my program of research is to identify those functional and structural neural systems affected by alcoholism that are permanent and those that are spared or restorable. Relevance. The outcome of my studies has notable potential relevance to public health. Common, but often unrecognized, untoward consequences of alcoholism are subtle but functionally significant impairments in cognitive, sensory, and motor functions. Our work, for example, has revealed age- and alcoholism-related compromise of postural control mechanisms that could be ameliorated by supplementary sensorimotor input, but if left unattended to could lead to falling. Identification of the brain systems supporting cognitive, sensory, and motor functions that remain relatively intact and those that are damaged in alcoholism with exacerbation from aging is a crucial step in designing rehabilitation efforts for recruiting intact brain systems to compensate for damaged ones.

描述（由申请人提供）：本K 05申请是对NIAAA高级科学家奖计划公告（PA-06-555）的回应，代表了NIH资助项目的综合，我是主要研究者。作为斯坦福大学医学院精神病学和行为科学系的教授，我有两个主要角色：1）作为一名科学家，我对酗酒和衰老对大脑结构和功能的影响进行人类和动物的转化研究; 2）作为导师，我在神经科学项目的各个方面教授和领导发展中的神经科学家。工作环境：斯坦福大学的神经科学研究社区是动态的，多方面的，吸引了职业发展各个层次的最聪明的学生。我在我自己的部门以及放射学，神经科学计划和SRI国际有重大合作。我研究的基础是获得先进的神经成像设备和专业知识，用于我自己和我的学员1人类和动物研究。我的实验室资源、神经成像设备，以及斯坦福大学社区特殊的正式和非正式神经科学教育项目，为我的学员提供了丰富的环境。 Research.我的研究计划使用定量行为神经科学方法，辅以结构和功能磁共振成像（MRI和fMRI），扩散张量成像（DTI）和质子磁共振波谱（MRS），目的是表征酒精中毒本身受影响的大脑区域，并与衰老相关的大脑变化相互作用。除了人类研究之外，我的研究还涉及过量酒精暴露的动物模型。我的研究计划的最终目标是确定那些受酒精中毒影响的功能和结构神经系统是永久性的，那些是幸免于难的或可治愈的。 本案无关我的研究成果与公共卫生有着显著的潜在相关性。常见的，但往往未被认识到，酗酒的不良后果是微妙的，但功能显着损害认知，感觉和运动功能。例如，我们的工作揭示了与年龄和酗酒有关的姿势控制机制的损害，可以通过补充感觉运动输入来改善，但如果不加注意，可能会导致跌倒。识别支持认知、感觉和运动功能的大脑系统，这些系统保持相对完整，而那些在酒精中毒中受损的系统则随着年龄的增长而加重，这是设计康复工作的关键一步，目的是招募完整的大脑系统来补偿受损的大脑系统。