Translational Studies of Brain Circuitry Disrupted by Alcoholism

酒精中毒扰乱大脑回路的转化研究

• 批准号: 7684835
• 负责人: EDITH VIONI SULLIVAN
• 金额: $ 21.95万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-10 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7684835
• 关键词: Affect; Age; Aging; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Animal Model; Animals; Behavioral; Behavioral Sciences; Bilateral; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Cerebellum; Characteristics; Chemistry; Clinical; Cognitive; Collaborations; Communities; Complement; Corpus Callosum; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dose; Drug Addiction; Educational process of instructing; Environment; Equilibrium; Financial compensation; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Impairment; Individual; International; Investigation; Joints; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Left; Lesion; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Musculoskeletal Equilibrium; NIH Program Announcements; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Neuropsychology; Neurosciences; Neurosciences Research; Outcome; Performance; Physics; Principal Investigator; Process; Protons; Psychiatry; Public Health; Radiology Specialty; Rattus; Recovery; Recruitment Activity; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Project Grants; Research Proposals; Resolution; Resources; Role; Rosemary; Scientist; Senior Scientist Award; Sensory; Spectrum Analysis; Structure; Students; Support System; System; Testing; Universities; Visual; Work; age related; alcohol exposure; base; career development; cognitive neuroscience; design; falls; gray matter; improved; in vivo; innovation; interest; medical schools; neural circuit; neural recruitment; neuroimaging; neuromechanism; neuropsychological; partial recovery; problem drinker; professor; programs; relating to nervous system; response; senescence; sobriety; translational study; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This K05 application is in response to an NIAAA Program Announcement (PA-06-555) for a Senior Scientist Award and represents a synthesis of NIH-funded projects on which I am principal investigator. As a professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Stanford University School of Medicine, I have two principal roles: 1) as a scientist, I conduct human and animal, translational studies of the effects of alcoholism and aging on brain structure and function; 2) as a mentor, I teach and lead developing neuroscientists in all aspects of my neuroscience program. Environment: Stanford University's neuroscience research community is dynamic, multifaceted, and attracts the brightest students at all levels of career development. I have major collaborations in my own department as well as in Radiology, the Neuroscience Program, and SRI International. Fundamental to my research is access to advanced neuroimaging facilities and expertise for my own and my mentees1 human and animal studies. The combined resources of my laboratory, the neuroimaging facilities, and the exceptional formal and informal neuroscience educational programs of the greater Stanford community provide a rich environment for my mentees. Research. My program of research uses quantitative behavioral neuroscience approaches that are complemented with structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI and fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and proton MR spectroscopy (MRS) with the aim of characterizing affected brain regions in alcoholism itself and in interaction with brain changes associated with senescence. In addition to human investigations, my research entails animal models of excessive alcohol exposure. The ultimate goal of my program of research is to identify those functional and structural neural systems affected by alcoholism that are permanent and those that are spared or restorable. Relevance. The outcome of my studies has notable potential relevance to public health. Common, but often unrecognized, untoward consequences of alcoholism are subtle but functionally significant impairments in cognitive, sensory, and motor functions. Our work, for example, has revealed age- and alcoholism-related compromise of postural control mechanisms that could be ameliorated by supplementary sensorimotor input, but if left unattended to could lead to falling. Identification of the brain systems supporting cognitive, sensory, and motor functions that remain relatively intact and those that are damaged in alcoholism with exacerbation from aging is a crucial step in designing rehabilitation efforts for recruiting intact brain systems to compensate for damaged ones.

描述（由申请人提供）：此 K05 申请是对高级科学家奖的 NIAAA 计划公告 (PA-06-555) 的回应，代表了我作为首席研究员的 NIH 资助项目的综合。作为斯坦福大学医学院精神病学和行为科学系的教授，我有两个主要职责：1）作为一名科学家，我对酗酒和衰老对大脑结构和功能的影响进行人类和动物的转化研究； 2）作为导师，我在神经科学项目的各个方面教授和领导发展中的神经科学家。环境：斯坦福大学的神经科学研究社区充满活力、多元化，吸引了职业发展各个层面的最聪明的学生。我在自己的部门以及放射学、神经科学项目和 SRI International 都有重要的合作。我的研究的基础是为我自己和我的学员1人类和动物研究提供先进的神经影像设施和专业知识。我的实验室的综合资源、神经影像设施以及斯坦福大社区卓越的正式和非正式神经科学教育项目为我的学员提供了丰富的环境。 研究。我的研究项目使用定量行为神经科学方法，辅以结构和功能磁共振成像（MRI 和 fMRI）、扩散张量成像（DTI）和质子磁共振波谱（MRS），目的是表征酗酒本身以及与衰老相关的大脑变化相互作用中受影响的大脑区域。除了人体研究之外，我的研究还涉及过量饮酒的动物模型。我的研究计划的最终目标是确定那些受到酗酒永久性影响的功能和结构神经系统以及那些不受影响或可恢复的神经系统。 关联。我的研究结果与公共卫生具有显着的潜在相关性。酗酒常见但往往未被认识到的不良后果是认知、感觉和运动功能的微妙但功能上显着的损害。例如，我们的工作揭示了与年龄和酗酒相关的姿势控制机制的妥协，可以通过补充感觉运动输入来改善，但如果不加注意可能会导致跌倒。识别支持相对完整的认知、感觉和运动功能的大脑系统以及因酗酒而因衰老而恶化的大脑系统，是设计康复工作的关键一步，以招募完整的大脑系统来补偿受损的大脑系统。