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Spatiotemporal analysis of adverse birth outcomes in Central Appalachia

阿巴拉契亚中部不良出生结局的时空分析

基本信息

批准号：
9751301
负责人：
Julia M Gohlke
金额：
$ 23.29万
依托单位：
VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9751301
关键词：
Active Sites Acute Address Air Air Pollution Appalachian Region Area Birth Birth Records Caliber Coal Communities County Data Data Set Development Education Environmental Epidemiology Environmental Exposure Environmental Health Environmental Risk Factor Equipment and supply inventories Excess Mortality Experimental Designs Exposure to Future Health Health Policy Health Status Individual Industry Intake Knowledge Lead Link Literature Live Birth Longitudinal cohort Low Birth Weight Infant Metals Methods Mining Modeling Morbidity - disease rate Mothers Movement Municipalities Natural experiment Outcome Particulate Matter Perception Planet Earth Play Policies Population Positioning Attribute Poverty Pregnancy Premature Birth Prenatal care Privatization Production Public Health Recording of previous events Research Research Design Resolution Resources Risk Role Running Site Smoking Source Statistical Models Surface System Techniques Testing Time Water Water Pollution Work atmospheric modeling base design developmental toxicology digital drinking water ground water health care availability health disparity improved innovation land use local economy novel prenatal exposure spatiotemporal trend water quality water treatment

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Significant and increasing health disparities exist in Central Appalachia (encompassing parts of WV, KY, TN and VA) compared to other U.S. regions, yet research addressing environmental factors contributing to these health disparities is lacking. Central Appalachia offers a unique opportunity to examine environmental exposures associated with resource extraction. Coal production from large surface mines was the dominant resource extraction method in the 1990s-2000s and is now decreasing as other resource extraction methods increase. We hypothesize that health risks associated with air and water pollution are increased in Central Appalachian residents living within close proximity to active surface mines. The research proposed here extends our preliminary work in Appalachian communities assessing perceptions of health risks and water quality and fills a critical data gap in the literature, moving beyond county-level ecological studies to link exposure with health outcomes. We propose to: 1) spatiotemporally characterize airshed and watershed boundaries associated with surface mining between 1990 and 2015, and 2) determine associations between adverse birth outcomes and living within active surface mine boundaries during pregnancy. Using a natural experiment design, we will build a retrospective longitudinal cohort of pregnancies resulting in live births between 1990 and 2015 within and outside of air and watershed boundaries of surface mines based on geocoded birth records. We propose innovative methods for defining fine spatial (30m) and temporal (monthly) resolution air and watershed exposure boundaries by combining satellite derived datasets to estimate land use change, air transport modeling, and watershed delineation. Within surface mining airsheds and watersheds, individual pregnancies will be categorized as occurring pre-, during, or post- active surface mining. Using an extension of a difference in differences approach, the proposed research will improve inference and precision in effect estimates by reducing bias associated with unmeasured confounding and secular trends in adverse birth outcomes. The proposed research will aid in defining the causal underpinnings of health disparities in Central Appalachian communities, ultimately leading to research, policy and practice improvements that may be generalizable to other areas beyond Central Appalachia where surface mining is prevalent.

项目总结