Environmental exposures across urban and rural communities in the Deep South

南部腹地城市和农村社区的环境暴露

• 批准号: 9135762
• 负责人: Julia M Gohlke
• 金额: $ 35.34万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND ST UNIV
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-11-01 至 2019-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9135762
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Air Pollution; Alabama; Behavior; Behavioral; Cessation of life; Cities; Collaborations; Communities; County; Data; Data Set; Deep South; Discipline; Educational workshop; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Event; Excess Mortality; Exposure to; Florida; Frequencies; Government; Health; Heat Stress Disorders; Heat Waves; Heating; Individual; Indoor environment; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Location; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Microclimate; Monitor; Morality; Morbidity - disease rate; Neighborhoods; Network-based; Participant; Physiological; Populations at Risk; Positioning Attribute; Preparation; Prevalence; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Questionnaires; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Design; Risk; Risk Factors; Rural; Rural Community; Rural Population; Sample Size; Selection Bias; Site; Statistical Methods; Sunlight; Surface; Temperature; Testing; Time; United States; Weather; Work; climate change; community based participatory research; community organizations; community partnership; community setting; extreme heat; heat island; land use; meetings; member; mortality; novel; prevent; remote sensing; response; rural area; trend; urban area; volatile organic compound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Heat waves currently account for significant mortality and morbidity and climate change is resulting in more frequent, more intense, and longer heat waves. Developing effective prevention strategies for heat-related illness and morality is of critical importance. We hypothesize that significant differences in heat-related health risks exist between urban and rural communities. The research proposed here extends our initial work in developing community-engaged research in underserved urban and rural communities in Alabama. In it we propose to gather community-level and individual-level heat and air pollution exposure data in communities. This analysis will result in a more precise picture of exposures to heat and air pollution as well as behavioral factors that may medicate exposure in at-risk populations in the Deep South. We propose to do the following in the present study: 1) Build our current collaborations that bridge diverse research disciplines and local level government and community organizations in urban (Birmingham) and rural communities in the Black Belt region of Alabama through community advisory board meetings and capacity building workshops , 2) Measure community-level heat and air pollution exposure in urban and rural communities by setting up stationary monitoring sites where community members frequent, 3) Determine individual-level exposure by recruiting community members to wear personal monitors and 4) Identify behavioral and physiological parameters associated with personal exposure through daily activity logs and questionnaire. The proposed investigation will contribute to prevention research by identifying specific exposure and behavioral risk factors in urban versus rural communities which will aid in developing prevention strategies tailored to the needs of these communities. Spatially explicit vulnerability maps that apply remote sensing datasets will inform community prioritization and planning applicable to a broader geographical scale.

描述（由申请人提供）：热浪目前占显着的死亡率和发病率和气候变化导致更频繁，更强烈，更长的热浪。制定有效的预防策略，预防与热有关的疾病和道德至关重要。我们假设，在热相关的健康风险存在显着差异 城市和农村社区之间。这里提出的研究扩展了我们在亚拉巴马服务不足的城市和农村社区开展社区参与研究的初步工作。在其中，我们建议收集社区和个人层面的热量和空气污染暴露数据。这项分析将导致对高温和空气污染的暴露以及可能导致南方腹地高危人群暴露的行为因素的更精确了解。我们建议在本研究中开展以下工作：1）建立我们目前的合作，桥梁不同的研究学科和地方政府和社区组织在城市（伯明翰）和亚拉巴马黑带地区的农村社区，通过社区咨询委员会会议和能力建设讲习班，2）通过建立社区成员经常出入的固定监测点，测量城市和农村社区的社区一级高温和空气污染暴露，3）通过招募社区成员佩戴个人监测器来确定个人水平的暴露，以及4）通过日常活动日志和问卷调查来确定与个人暴露相关的行为和生理参数。拟议的调查将有助于预防研究，确定具体的接触和行为风险因素，在城市和农村社区，这将有助于制定预防战略，适合这些社区的需要。应用遥感数据集的空间上明确的脆弱性地图将为适用于更广泛地理范围的社区优先事项和规划提供信息。