Environmental exposures across urban and rural communities in the Deep South

描述(由申请人提供)：热浪目前占很大的死亡率和发病率，而气候变化正在导致更频繁、更强烈和更长时间的热浪。为与高温有关的疾病和道德制定有效的预防战略至关重要。我们假设，与高温相关的健康风险存在显著差异 在城市和农村社区之间。这里提出的研究扩展了我们在阿拉巴马州服务不足的城市和农村社区开展社区参与研究的初步工作。在报告中，我们建议收集社区层面和个人层面的社区高温和空气污染暴露数据。这一分析将得出更准确的暴露在高温和空气污染中的图像，以及可能影响南方腹地高危人群暴露的行为因素。我们建议在本研究中做以下工作：1)通过社区咨询委员会会议和能力建设研讨会，建立我们目前在阿拉巴马州黑带地区城市(伯明翰)和农村社区的不同研究学科与地方政府和社区组织之间的合作；2)通过建立社区成员经常使用的固定监测点，测量城市和农村社区的社区水平的热和空气污染暴露；3)通过招募社区成员佩戴个人监测器来确定个人水平的暴露；4)通过日常活动日志和问卷确定与个人暴露相关的行为和生理参数。拟议的调查将通过确定城市和农村社区的具体暴露和行为风险因素来促进预防研究，这将有助于制定适合这些社区需要的预防战略。应用遥感数据集的空间上明确的脆弱性地图将为适用于更广泛地理范围的社区确定优先次序和规划提供信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Heat waves currently account for significant mortality and morbidity and climate change is resulting in more frequent, more intense, and longer heat waves. Developing effective prevention strategies for heat-related illness and morality is of critical importance. We hypothesize that significant differences in heat-related health risks exist between urban and rural communities. The research proposed here extends our initial work in developing community-engaged research in underserved urban and rural communities in Alabama. In it we propose to gather community-level and individual-level heat and air pollution exposure data in communities. This analysis will result in a more precise picture of exposures to heat and air pollution as well as behavioral factors that may medicate exposure in at-risk populations in the Deep South. We propose to do the following in the present study: 1) Build our current collaborations that bridge diverse research disciplines and local level government and community organizations in urban (Birmingham) and rural communities in the Black Belt region of Alabama through community advisory board meetings and capacity building workshops , 2) Measure community-level heat and air pollution exposure in urban and rural communities by setting up stationary monitoring sites where community members frequent, 3) Determine individual-level exposure by recruiting community members to wear personal monitors and 4) Identify behavioral and physiological parameters associated with personal exposure through daily activity logs and questionnaire. The proposed investigation will contribute to prevention research by identifying specific exposure and behavioral risk factors in urban versus rural communities which will aid in developing prevention strategies tailored to the needs of these communities. Spatially explicit vulnerability maps that apply remote sensing datasets will inform community prioritization and planning applicable to a broader geographical scale.