HIGH-DENSITY OPTICAL TOMOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH COCHLEAR IMPLANTS

人工耳蜗患者的高密度光学断层扫描

• 批准号: 9755396
• 负责人: JOSEPH P CULVER
• 金额: $ 19.61万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-05 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9755396
• 关键词: Acoustic Nerve; Acoustics; Address; Adult; Affect; Algorithms; Anatomy; Area; Atlases; Auditory; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Child; Clinical; Cochlea; Cochlear Implants; Cochlear implant procedure; Complex; Comprehension; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Electroencephalography; Environment; Equilibrium; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grant; Head; Hearing; Human; Image; Implant; Individual; Individual Differences; Knowledge; Language; Life; Light; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Medical Device; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morphologic artifacts; Motivation; Nature; Noise; Optical Tomography; Optics; Outcome Measure; Participant; Patient Care; Patient imaging; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Process; Research; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Support System; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Translating; Ursidae Family; auditory deprivation; aural rehabilitation; base; behavioral outcome; cognitive load; cognitive neuroscience; cortex mapping; deaf; denoising; density; diffuse optical tomography; experience; first-in-human; flexibility; frontal lobe; hearing impairment; hearing restoration; hemodynamics; implantation; improved; individual patient; innovation; language comprehension; medical implant; neural network; neuroimaging; neuroprosthesis; novel; optical imaging; patient population; prevent; rehabilitation strategy; relating to nervous system; response; retinotopic; serial imaging; sound; source localization; speech recognition; tool; virtual

Abstract Optical brain imaging allows the noninvasive mapping of human brain activity in a quiet and magnet-free environment. This technology is particularly important for patients who have implanted medical devices, such as cochlear implants, that rule out magnetic resonance imaging. Being able to map brain activity in patients with implanted medical devices is critical because it allows us to understand the complex balance between neural networks in individuals that support successful behavior, and to diagnose where breakdowns in activity are problematic. Adult listeners with cochlear implants are a unique group in which to investigate task-evoked neural activity: They have typically adapted to auditory deprivation for a period of years of profound hearing loss, followed by some degree of hearing restoration following implantation. Following increased auditory input due to cochlear implantation, the degree to which individual listeners are able to successfully recognize speech, especially in the presence of background noise, is extremely variable. Previous attempts to explain this variability in the context of underlying patterns of brain activity have been unsuccessful, in large part because the technical challenges associated with neuroimaging in the presence of an implanted medical device have prevented whole-brain imaging of neural responses to speech. The goal of our research is to bring methodological improvements to bear in optical neuroimaging that will allow us to use high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) to effectively image single-subject responses to spoken language. We will validate atlas-based spatial normalization, necessary in patients with medical implants because they do not have MRI images available to aid the localization process. We will also develop improved head models and denoising algorithms that will improve the optical imaging signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, we will implement a novel story comprehension paradigm to map receptive language areas in individual participants, including measures of test-retest reliability, which we will then translate to patients with cochlear implants. Our long-term research plan is to understand the neural systems that support speech recognition in listeners with cochlear implants and to use knowledge about these systems to improve behavioral outcomes.

抽象的 光学脑成像允许在无磁力中无创的人脑活动映射 环境。这项技术对于植入医疗设备的患者尤其重要， 作为人工耳蜗，该排除磁共振成像。能够绘制患者的大脑活动 使用植入的医疗设备至关重要，因为它使我们能够了解 支持成功行为的个体的神经网络，并诊断活动崩溃 有问题。具有人工耳蜗的成人听众是一个独特的群体，可以调查任务诱发 神经活动：他们通常会在多年的深刻听力中适应听觉剥夺 损失，然后在植入后进行一定程度的听力恢复。遵循增加的听觉输入 由于人工耳蜗植入，单个听众能够成功识别的程度 语音，尤其是在背景噪声的情况下，语音极度可变。以前的解释 在大脑活动基础模式的背景下，这种可变性在很大程度上没有成功 因为在植入医学的存在下与神经影像相关的技术挑战 设备阻止了神经对语音反应的全脑成像。我们研究的目的是带来 在光学神经影像中的方法学改进，这将使我们能够使用高密度扩散 光学断层扫描（HD点）有效地图像对口语的响应。我们将 验证基于ATLA的空间标准化，在医疗植入物患者中需要 拥有可用的MRI图像来帮助本地化过程。我们还将开发改进的头部模型， 降级算法将改善光学成像信号噪声比。最后，我们将实施 新的故事理解范式绘制各个参与者的接受语言领域，包括 测试可靠性的度量，然后我们将转化为人工耳蜗患者。我们的长期 研究计划是了解支持与耳蜗听众中语音识别的神经系统 植入物并利用有关这些系统的知识来改善行为结果。