Efficacy of Family Programs for Improving Child and Family Health and Development.

家庭计划对改善儿童和家庭健康与发展的功效。

• 批准号: 9412181
• 负责人: Julia Braungart-Rieker
• 金额: $ 62.42万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-01-11 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9412181
• 关键词: Address; Affective; Age; Age-Months; Area; Behavior; Caregivers; Characteristics; Child; Child Health; Child Rearing; Clinical Trials Design; Communication; Communities; Competence; Conflict (Psychology); Couples; Development; Effectiveness; Effectiveness of Interventions; Elements; Emotional; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Exposure to; Family; Family Relationship; Family health status; Father-Child Relations; Fathers; Feedback; Goals; Home environment; Infant; Intervention; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Mediating; Mental Health; Modeling; Mothers; Only Child; Outcome; Parents; Pattern; Phase; Preventive Intervention; Problem behavior; Process; Public Health; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Recording of previous events; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; Security; Stress; System; Temperament; Testing; Time; Translating; Work; anxiety symptoms; anxious; base; caregiving; conflict resolution; cost effective; depressive symptoms; early childhood; early experience; experience; family structure; foster child; improved; infancy; infant temperament; intervention program; lower income families; programs; recruit; skills; social; social skills; success; therapy design; virtual

Project Summary Preventative interventions involving video-feedback programs to promote parenting (VIPP; Juffer et al., 2008) have been shown to be successful in improving maternal sensitivity and infant-mother attachment security (Bakermans-Kranenberg et al., 2008). However, interventions might be substantially more effective if broader elements of family systems were also addressed, including father-child and inter-parental relationships, particularly given the growing body of evidence that highlights the importance of father involvement and positive engagement in children's socio-emotional development. Infancy is a particularly sensitive and vulnerable period not only for the child but also for the parents who often experience heightened daily stress, parenting demands, work-family role strain, and inter-parental discord associated with changes in the family (Feeney et al., 2001).The proposed longitudinal study addresses major gaps by testing the effectiveness of family-wide preventative interventions designed to promote healthy development and functioning in infants, mothers, and fathers, including low-income families. This three-phase study involves a rigorous randomized clinical trial (RCT) approach and will involve a demographically diverse sample of 400 families. Phase I involves a lab and home pre-test (infants 6 months of age) and 8-week intervention period; Phase II (12 months) includes an initial post-test, and Phase III (16-18 months) involves a second post-test. Families will be randomly assigned to one of four conditions: sensitivity intervention (SI), couples intervention (CI), both (SI + CI) or control. Specific aims of the study include: (1) An evaluation of the effectiveness of the SI, CI, and SI+CI interventions at improving parental sensitivity, parental efficacy, parenting stress, inter-parental conflict, infant affective development, attachment security, behavior problems, and socio-emotional competence; (2) A test of the mechanisms through which change in behavior occurs. For example, relations between SI participation in Phase I and child attachment in Phase III may be mediated by enhanced parent sensitivity in Phase II. Relations between CI participation and child outcomes may be mediated by inter-parental functioning and more effective communication skills; (3) An examination of factors that moderate the effectiveness of the interventions, determining which families benefit the most. Potential moderators include demographic characteristics, family (dis)organization, parents' own caregiving history, parents' depressive and anxious systems, and infant negative temperament; (4) Mother-father comparisons on direct effects, mediating mechanisms and moderating processes. This study builds upon past research towards increasing children's emotional security in multiple family relationships by testing new directions in preventative interventions in infancy, addressing the mother-child, father-child, and mother-father relationships. The goal is to foster children's socio-emotional development and security through cost-effective family-wide interventions in infancy that promote sensitive parent-infant interactions and improved inter-parental communication.

项目摘要 包括视频反馈程序的预防性干预措施，以促进育儿（VIPP; Juffer等人，（2008年） 已被证明在改善母亲敏感性和婴儿-母亲依恋安全性方面是成功的 （Bakermans-Kranenberg等人，2008年）。然而，如果干预范围更广， 还讨论了家庭系统的要素，包括父子关系和父母之间的关系， 特别是考虑到越来越多的证据强调了父亲参与的重要性， 积极参与儿童的社会情感发展。婴儿是一个特别敏感和 脆弱时期不仅对孩子来说，而且对经常经历日常压力增加的父母来说， 养育需求、工作-家庭角色紧张以及与家庭变化相关的父母间不和谐 （Feeney等人，2001).拟议的纵向研究通过测试以下方面的有效性， 旨在促进婴儿健康发育和功能的全家庭预防性干预措施， 父母，包括低收入家庭。这项三阶段研究涉及严格的随机 临床试验（RCT）方法，将涉及400个家庭的人口统计学多样化样本。一期 包括实验室和家庭预测试（6个月大的婴儿）和8周的干预期;第二阶段（12 第三阶段（16- 18个月）包括第一次后测，第三阶段（16-18个月）包括第二次后测。家庭将 随机分配到四个条件之一：敏感性干预（SI），夫妇干预（CI），两者（SI + CI）或对照。本研究的具体目的包括：（1）评价SI、CI和SI+CI的有效性 改善父母敏感性、父母效能、父母压力、父母间冲突、婴儿 情感发展、依恋安全、行为问题和社会情感能力;（2） 行为发生变化的机制。例如，职业统一组织参与 第一阶段和第三阶段的儿童依恋可能是由第二阶段的父母敏感性增强介导的。 CI参与和儿童结果之间的关系可能是由父母间的功能和 更有效的沟通技巧;（3）检查影响有效性的因素， 通过干预，确定哪些家庭受益最大。潜在的主持人包括人口统计学 特征、家庭（非）组织、父母自身的养育史、父母的抑郁和焦虑 系统，和婴儿的负面气质;（4）母亲和父亲的比较，直接影响，中介 机制和调节过程。这项研究建立在过去的研究基础上， 通过测试预防性干预措施的新方向， 婴儿期，解决母亲与孩子，父亲与孩子，母亲与父亲的关系。我们的目标是培养 通过在婴儿期采取具有成本效益的全家庭干预措施，促进儿童的社会情感发展和安全 促进敏感的父母与婴儿的互动和改善父母之间的沟通。