Chemical Gating of a Tube-in-a-Tube Semiconductor

描述(申请人提供)：2013年，全球有超过800万人死于癌症。根据世界卫生组织的数据，除非开发出快速、经济高效的诊断技术来早期发现这种疾病，否则到2030年，这一死亡人数将达到1310万人。目前的诊断技术，如酶联免疫吸附试验，对于医疗保健场所来说是耗时的，而且对于资源稀缺的发展中国家来说往往成本过高。在这里，我们提出了一种潜在的变革性全碳电子生物传感器，该传感器基于我们的研究团队创造的管中管式半导体(Tube^2)。Tube^2是由嵌套在带电的共价功能壳层中的原子厚度的半导体组成的。我们假设，通过半导体的电导可以完全由壳层上的表面官能团控制，这样就可以用电子方式检测到少量靶向癌症标记物的结合。我们的初步研究已经证明了使用薄膜管2传感器的化学选通场效应检测DNA的证据。拟议的研究将集中于三个具体目标：1)建立无电极化学门的基本原理；2)用光进行同轴化学光刻；3)利用管2传感器进行癌症生物标志物的无标记和多路检测。在目标1中，一系列芳基官能团将以受控密度连接在管^2上，以定量确定表面官能团的门控效应。在目标2中，我们将研究Tube^2的光驱动去功能化和再功能化，以此作为电子传感器阵列的直接、根本的新制造方法的基础。在目标3中，将在薄膜管2传感器阵列中研究模型癌症标记物的化学门控场效应检测，包括前列腺特异性抗原和胎儿蛋白。这项工作可能为快速、低成本的医疗诊断技术的发展提供新的基础。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There were over 8 million cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2013. According to the World Health Organization, this death toll will reach 13.1 million by 2030 unless rapid and cost- effective diagnostic technologies are developed for the early detection of the disease. Current diagnostic techniques such as ELISA are time-consuming for point-of-care settings and often cost-prohibitive for developing countries where resources are scarce. Here, we propose a potentially transformative all-carbon electronic biosensor based on a tube-in-a-tube semiconductor (Tube^2) created by our research team. A Tube^2 is composed of an atom-thick semiconductor nested within a charged, covalent functional shell. We hypothesize that conductance through the semiconductor can be completely controlled solely by surface functional groups on the shell such that binding of a small number of targeted cancer markers can be detected electrically. Our preliminary studies have shown evidence of chemically gated field effect detection of DNA using thin-film Tube^2 sensors. The proposed research will focus on three specific aims: 1) establishing the fundamentals of electrode-free chemical gating of Tube^2; 2) coaxial chemical lithography with light; and 3) label-free and multiplexed detection of cancer biomarkers by Tube^2 sensors. In Aim 1, a series of aryl functional groups will be attached covalently at controlled densities on Tube^2 to quantitatively determine the gating effects of surface functional groups. In Aim 2, we will investigate light-driven defunctionalization and re-functionalization of Tube^2 as the basis for a straightforward, fundamentally new fabrication approach to electronic sensor arrays. In Aim 3, chemically gated field effect detection of model cancer markers, including prostate-specific antigen and ¿-fetoprotein, will be investigated in thin-film Tube^2 sensor arrays. This work may provide a new foundation for the development of rapid and cost-effective medical diagnostic technologies.