A complete map of the top 100 molecules from the gut microbiome
A complete map of the top 100 molecules from the gut microbiome
批准号:
9767127
负责人:
MICHAEL ANDREW FISCHBACH
金额:
$109.9万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2016
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2016-09-08 至 2021-07-31
关键词:
AddressAnalytical ChemistryBiochemistryBiologicalBlood CirculationCommunitiesComputational algorithmCustomDataDiseaseFutureGenesGeneticGenomicsHumanHuman BiologyHuman MicrobiomeIndividualLeadMapsMetabolicMetagenomicsMicrobiologyMolecularNatural ProductsOutputPharmaceutical PreparationsPhenotypePreventionProcessRoleRunningSpecific qualifier valueTestingTo specifyTransplantationWorkbacterial communitygut bacteriagut microbiomegut microbiotahost microbiotahuman diseaseinterestmetabolic profilemicrobiomemicrobiome researchmicrobiotasmall moleculesymbionttrend
中文摘要
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英文摘要
Abstract
Renewed interest in the microbiome has yielded numerous intriguing findings about the role of bacterial
symbionts in human biology and disease. However, most of these findings are correlative and associative;; little
is known about microbiota-host interactions at the level of molecular mechanism. Typical approaches to
address this problem are one-off efforts that attempt to find an individual molecule responsible for a phenotype
of interest. Here, we propose to upend this paradigm by systematically studying one of the most concrete
contributions of the microbiota to human biology: the ‘top 100’ molecules, by abundance, from the gut
community. These molecules vary widely in concentration among individuals, can accumulate in host
circulation, and are present at levels that match or exceed the concentration of a typical small molecule drug.
The work we propose here – to determine the bacterial species that produce each of the top 100, and identify
the genes responsible – will be the first step toward creating a capability to completely specify the molecular
output of the gut community (which molecules are produced, and which others are not), a process we will pilot
in the current project.
This ensemble of dozens of high-concentration molecules – to which we are exposed daily – is likely to be a
major driver of human biology and disease. It is not unreasonable to imagine a future in which every human
will harbor a ‘reprogrammed’ (synthetic) gut community whose molecular output has been optimized for
disease treatment and prevention.
The fields of natural product discovery and microbiome research are dominated by genomics-driven
approaches. The solution we propose here runs entirely counter to this trend: we will start with 1) an empirical
approach that is, in essence, old-fashioned Bergey’s-style microbiology outfitted with state-of-the-art analytical
chemistry. Using the rich information we derive from empirical metabolic profiling, we will then 2) use genetics
and biochemistry to identify the genes responsible for synthesizing the top 100, 3) use this information to
devise a computational algorithm that can predict metabolic output directly from metagenomic sequence data,
and 4) test our predictions using simple synthetic communities. Our data will create a rich metabolic map of the
top 100, and will enable the construction of transplant-ready synthetic communities that produce custom
cocktails of desired molecules (and do not produce undesired molecules).
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海外基金