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Urban Greenness and Cardiovascular Health

城市绿化与心血管健康

基本信息

批准号：
9902454
负责人：
Aruni Bhatnagar
金额：
$ 60.63万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-07-01 至 2023-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9902454
关键词：
Adopted Affect Air Air Pollutants Air Pollution Area Biochemical Biological Markers Blood Carbon Black Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Physiology Cardiovascular system Characteristics Chronic Disease Cities Communities Data Developed Countries Developing Countries Development Ecosystem Environment Evaluation Exposure to Formulation Grasslands Green space Hair Health Health Policy Heart Hospital Mortality Hospitalization Human Individual Intervention Intervention Trial Kentucky Lead Life Expectancy Link Location Maintenance Measurement Measures Mediating Modeling Neighborhoods Noise Outcome Ozone Particulate Perception Physiological Plants Poaceae Pollution Population Prevalence Prevention strategy Psychosocial Stress Public Health Questionnaires Reporting Research Risk Risk Factors Sampling Severities Stress Sulfate Sunlight Surface Surveys Testing Trees Ultrafine Urine Vascular Plant Wood material Work air filtration built environment cardiovascular disorder prevention cardiovascular disorder risk cardiovascular health cohort demographics design fine particles foot insight land use mortality pollutant premature prevent psychologic recruit residence social social cohesion trial design urinary volatile organic compound

项目摘要

Abstract Extensive research suggests that components of the natural environment have profound effects on human health. In particular, individuals living in areas of low pollution and high levels of vegetation have been reported to have a lower burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although many studies have shown that exposure to air pollution increases CVD risk and mortality, the impact of greenspaces and vegetation on CVD has not been directly studied. Hence to assess the impact of greenery on cardiovascular health and disease risk, we will conduct a pragmatic, interventional trial designed to test the hypothesis that exposure to neighborhood greenspaces diminishes CVD risk by decreasing the levels of local air pollution. To test this hypothesis, we will first evaluate baseline cardiovascular health in 16 residential neighborhood clusters with sparse greenspaces (Aim 1). In these areas, we will measure the levels of greenery, air pollution, noise and traffic, and determine how these neighborhood characteristics are associated with hospital admissions, as well as cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. To acquire individual level data, we will recruit 700 area residents and assess their cardiovascular health as well as psychosocial stress. Then, in 8 “target” clusters, we will plant nearly 8,000 established trees (Aim 2). There will be no deliberate change in greenspace in the 8 “control” clusters. Following the greening intervention, we will determine how an increase in greenspaces within the target clusters affects air pollution levels, hospital admissions and mortality, and how the greening intervention affects CVD risk and psychosocial stress within this community in comparison with the control area (Aim 3). Completion of this project would provide a new understanding of the link between urban greenspaces and cardiovascular health, and might lead to the development of new strategies to prevent CVD and to decrease the levels of urban air pollution. Importantly, the results of the project will lead to the development of a comprehensive model that could be readily adopted by cities throughout the world to create urban environments that are more conducive to human health.

抽象的广泛的研究表明自然环境的组成部分具有深远的影响对人类健康。特别是生活在低污染和高浓度地区的个人据报道，植被的心血管疾病（CVD）负担较低。虽然许多研究表明，暴露于空气污染会增加心血管疾病的风险和死亡率，绿地和植被对 CVD 的影响尚未得到直接研究。因此要评估绿化对心血管健康和疾病风险的影响，我们将进行务实的、旨在检验暴露于社区绿地的假设的干预试验通过降低当地空气污染水平来降低心血管疾病风险。为了检验这个假设，我们将首先评估 16 个人口稀少的居民区的基线心血管健康状况绿地（目标 1）。在这些地区，我们将测量绿化、空气污染、噪音水平和交通，并确定这些社区特征如何与医院相关联入院率以及心血管死亡率和全因死亡率。要获取个人级别的数据，我们将招募 700 名地区居民并评估他们的心血管健康状况以及社会心理状况压力。然后，我们将在 8 个“目标”集群中种植近 8,000 棵已建成的树木（目标 2）。会有 8 个“控制”集群中的绿地没有故意改变。绿化之后干预，我们将确定目标集群内绿地的增加如何影响空气污染水平、住院率和死亡率，以及绿化干预措施的影响与对照区相比，该社区的 CVD 风险和社会心理压力（目标 3）。该项目的完成将使人们对城市之间的联系有了新的认识。绿色空间和心血管健康，并可能导致制定新的战略预防CVD并降低城市空气污染水平。重要的是，调查结果该项目将导致开发一个可以很容易被采用的综合模型世界各地的城市创造更有利于人类的城市环境健康。