Project 1: Human tissue models to study infectious diseases: Human 2D and 3D neural cultures for studying virus tropism and infection phenotypes.
项目 1:研究传染病的人体组织模型:用于研究病毒趋向性和感染表型的人体 2D 和 3D 神经培养物。
基本信息
- 批准号:9903207
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 42.74万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:至
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:3-DimensionalAddressAdherent CultureAntiviral AgentsAstrocytesBiologicalBiological ProcessBrainCell Culture TechniquesCell SurvivalCellsCerebrumClinicalCommunicable DiseasesComplexDataDengue VirusDiseaseEastern Equine Encephalitis VirusEastern Equine EncephalomyelitisEmbryoEngineeringEnvironmentEquus caballusFlavivirusFlavivirus InfectionsFoundationsGoalsGuillain-Barré SyndromeHumanHuman EngineeringImmuneIndividualInfectionMicrocephalyMicrogliaModelingMorphogenesisMorphologyMothersMotivationNeuraxisNeurogliaNeuronsOligodendrogliaOrganoidsOutcomePathogenesisPathologyPhenotypePhysiologicalPreparationPropertyRefractoryRodent ModelRoleSystemTestingTissue ModelTissuesTropismVenezuelan Equine Encephalitis VirusVenezuelan Equine EncephalomyelitisVesicular stomatitis Indiana virusViralViral PathogenesisVirusVirus DiseasesVirus ReplicationWest Nile virusWestern Equine Encephalitis VirusWestern Equine EncephalomyelitisWorkZIKV infectionZika Virusbasebrain cellbrain tissuecell dimensioncell typecytotoxicembryonic stem cellexperimental studyfetalhuman diseasehuman pluripotent stem cellhuman tissueimprovedinduced pluripotent stem cellinfectious disease modelinsightmigrationnerve stem cellneurotropic virusprecursor cellrelating to nervous systemstemsuccesstherapeutic targetthree-dimensional modelingtranscriptometwo-dimensionalvirologyvirus tropism
项目摘要
To address a critical need for improved human tissue models to study infectious diseases, we propose to form
the MIT Center for Human Tissues and Infectious Diseases (MIT.HTMID). The MIT.HTMID Center will study
viral infections of the human brain and central nervous system by using biologically relevant two dimensional
(2D) human neural cells and three dimensional (3D) human cerebral organoids. The cells are homogeneous
preparations of human neuronal progenitors, neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, and microglia, derived
from embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), and produced in the Human Cell
and Tissue Core. Prior work has demonstrated that these cells and the organoids formed are
nearphysiological in their biological functions, thereby representing an experimental system that is superior to
rodent models. The goal of Project 1, Aim 1A is to define the viral infection phenotypes for five cell types. Two
types of viruses, produced in the MIT.HTMID Virology Core, will be used. First, we will study flaviviruses,
including Dengue Fever Virus, West Nile Virus, and Zika Virus. Indeed, an important motivation for studying
human brain tissue and viruses is to understand the pathogenesis of Zika virus infections, which are causing
microcephaly and Guillain Barre syndrome worldwide. Second, we will use pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis
viruses (VSV) to study entry of several encephalitic viruses, including Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus
(EEEV), Western Equine Encephalitis Virus (WEEV) and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEEV). By
replacing the VSV viral envelope with that of EEEV, WEEV, or VEEV, we are able to study virus entry in the 2D
cells and 3D organoids. These experiments are highly significant because EEEV, VEEV, and WEEV are
select agents. Using pseudotyped select viruses and multiple relevant cell types will allow us to study virus
tropism, pathology, and potential therapeutic targets. Project 1 Aim 1A will examine virus infection phenotypes;
that is, we will analyze virus replication, cell viability, spontaneous electrical activity, transcriptome and
secretome changes, and potential to differentiate to other cell types. This approach is significant because it will
demonstrate which cell types are most susceptible to virus infections, also revealing similarities and differences
among viruses that cause very different clinical diseases. In Project 1, Aim 1B, we propose to study virus
infection in the context of the three dimensional human cerebral organoid tissue model. Our group may be
unique in having the technical capacity to generate organoids that include microglia, which are the immune
cells of the brain. Our goal will be to determine if activated microglia have protective roles by secreting factors
that establish an antiviral environment. Alternatively, we will also test a hypothesis that microglia, upon
infection with Zika virus, are able to migrate into cerebral organoids to initiate cytotoxic infection of neural cell
types. These experiments are aimed at understanding how the fetal brain becomes infected by Zika virus to
cause microcephaly. The work will be facilitated greatly by forming the MIT.HTMID Center.
为了解决对改进的人体组织模型的迫切需要,以研究传染病,我们建议形成
麻省理工学院人类组织和传染病中心(MIT.HTMID)。
病毒感染的人类大脑和中枢神经系统通过使用生物学相关的二维
(2D)人神经细胞和三维(3D)人脑类器官。
衍生的人神经元祖细胞、神经元、少突胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的制剂
来自胚胎干细胞(ES)和诱导多能干细胞(iPS细胞),并在人类细胞中产生
先前的工作已经证明,这些细胞和形成的类器官是
在其生物学功能上接近生理学,从而代表优于上级于
项目1,目标1A的目标是定义五种细胞类型的病毒感染表型。
将使用MIT.HTMID病毒学核心中产生的病毒类型。首先,我们将研究黄病毒,
包括登革热病毒,西尼罗河病毒和寨卡病毒。事实上,研究的一个重要动机是
人类大脑组织和病毒是了解寨卡病毒感染的发病机制,这是造成
其次,我们将使用假型水泡性口炎,
病毒(VSV)研究几种脑炎病毒的进入,包括东部马脑炎病毒
(EEEV)、西方马脑炎病毒(WEEV)和委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒(VEEV)。
用EEEV、WEEV或VEEV的病毒包膜代替VSV病毒包膜,我们能够在2D中研究病毒进入
这些实验非常重要,因为EEEV、VEEV和WEEV是
选择代理。使用假型选择病毒和多种相关细胞类型将允许我们研究病毒
项目1 Aim 1A将研究病毒感染的表型,
也就是说,我们将分析病毒复制,细胞活力,自发电活动,转录组和
分泌组的变化,以及分化为其他细胞类型的潜力。这种方法是重要的,因为它将
证明哪些细胞类型最容易受到病毒感染,也揭示了相似性和差异性
在项目1,目标1B中,我们建议研究病毒,
感染的背景下的三维人脑类器官组织模型。我们的小组可能是
独特的是具有产生包括小胶质细胞在内的类器官的技术能力,
我们的目标是确定激活的小胶质细胞是否通过分泌因子
或者,我们也将测试一个假设,即小胶质细胞,
感染寨卡病毒,能够迁移到脑类器官中,引发神经细胞细胞毒性感染
这些实验旨在了解胎儿大脑如何感染寨卡病毒,
成立麻省理工学院的HTMID中心将极大地促进这项工作。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Lee Gehrke其他文献
Lee Gehrke的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Lee Gehrke', 18)}}的其他基金
Administrative Core: 3D Models of Engineered Human iPS Cells to Investigate Neurotropic Virus Infections
管理核心:用于研究嗜神经病毒感染的工程化人类 iPS 细胞 3D 模型
- 批准号:
9312526 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
3D Models of Engineered Human iPS Cells to Investigate Neurotropic Virus Infections
用于研究嗜神经病毒感染的工程化人类 iPS 细胞 3D 模型
- 批准号:
9903201 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
Human Cells and Tissues Core: 3D Models of Engineered Human iPS Cells to Investigate Neurotropic Virus Infections
人类细胞和组织核心:用于研究嗜神经病毒感染的工程化人类 iPS 细胞 3D 模型
- 批准号:
9312528 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
Project 2: Use of 2D cultures and 3D organoids to identify candidate antiviral compounds; to use genetic approaches to identify host genes that promote or protect against flavivirus infection
项目 2:使用 2D 培养物和 3D 类器官来鉴定候选抗病毒化合物;
- 批准号:
9312530 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
MMDx: A rapid multiplexed matrix code diagnostic for real time epidemiology
MMDx:用于实时流行病学的快速多路复用矩阵代码诊断
- 批准号:
8915035 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
Synergistic innate immune activation and cell killing by RIG-I ligands in HCV-HCC
HCV-HCC 中 RIG-I 配体的协同先天免疫激活和细胞杀伤
- 批准号:
8441526 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
Synergistic innate immune activation and cell killing by RIG-I ligands in HCV-HCC
HCV-HCC 中 RIG-I 配体的协同先天免疫激活和细胞杀伤
- 批准号:
8238622 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
MMDx: A rapid multiplexed matrix code diagnostic for real time epidemiology
MMDx:用于实时流行病学的快速多路复用矩阵代码诊断
- 批准号:
8467676 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
MMDx: A rapid multiplexed matrix code diagnostic for real time epidemiology
MMDx:用于实时流行病学的快速多路复用矩阵代码诊断
- 批准号:
8901539 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
MMDx: A rapid multiplexed matrix code diagnostic for real time epidemiology
MMDx:用于实时流行病学的快速多路复用矩阵代码诊断
- 批准号:
8301236 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 42.74万 - 项目类别:
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