Reanimating paralyzed hands using an implantable, brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation neuroprosthesis

使用可植入的、大脑控制的功能性电刺激神经假体使瘫痪的手复活

• 批准号: 9912637
• 负责人: Samuel Ross Nason-Tomaszewski
• 金额: $ 3.94万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-05-01 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9912637
• 关键词: Adoption; Bladder Control; Brain; Cervical; Clinical Trials; Complex; Computers; Consumption; Custom; Data; Dependence; Devices; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Epilepsy; Fingers; Forearm; Freedom; Goals; Hand; Hand functions; Home environment; Human; Implant; Internet; Intuition; Laboratories; Limb structure; Methods; Microelectrodes; Modernization; Monitor; Monkeys; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Muscle; Neurologic; Outcome; Paralysed; Patients; Performance; Plants; Positioning Attribute; Power Sources; Prevention; Prosthesis; Quadriplegia; Quality of life; Research; Research Personnel; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Speed; Spinal cord injury patients; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Time; Training; Translations; Universities; Utah; Work; arm; clinically translatable; feature extraction; finger movement; functional electrical stimulation; hand grasp; improved; infection risk; innovation; neuroprosthesis; neuroregulation; neurotransmission; nonhuman primate; novel; portability; relating to nervous system; time use

Project Summary The long-term goal of this study is to reanimate paralyzed hands using a fully implantable brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation neuroprosthesis for spinal cord injured patients to use at any time. The overall objective of this proposal, which is the next step toward attainment of the long-term goal, is to present an implantable brain-controlled hand neuroprosthesis in non-human primates that returns function to paralyzed musculature through electrical stimulation and does not sacrifice performance. Previous brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation neuroprostheses required hundreds of wires connected to towers of computers that consume power at rates unreasonable for portability to obtain the presented decode performance, rendering usage of the neuroprostheses restricted to the laboratory (Bouton et al. 2016, Ajiboye et al. 2017). The central hypothesis is that the 300-1,000 Hz spiking band power (SBP) feature will allow safely implantable power levels while maintaining the decode performance of 30 kSps threshold crossings. The rationale of the proposed research is that the 15x bandwidth reduction over conventional recording paradigms and single unit specificity of SBP dramatically cut the power needed to extract features without any loss in single-unit performance. In the first aim, a low-power multiple degree of freedom decoding method will be developed on an embedded platform. Irwin et al. demonstrated that SBP can predict open-loop finger position with high performance (Irwin et al. 2016). However, the monkey performed a single degree of freedom two target acquisition task. It remains unknown if SBP will maintain high performance when decoding complex movements. Consequently, SBP will be used to decode the more complicated center-out multiple finger task on the low-power embedded device presented in Bullard, Nason et al. 2018 (in submission). It is hypothesized that SBP decoders will perform better than threshold crossing decoders in closed-loop multiple finger tasks, even on the embedded device. The purpose of the second aim is to investigate closed-loop functional electrical stimulation of hand muscles using the embedded neural signal processor and the Networked Neuroprosthesis in a non-human primate. To date, the Networked Neuroprosthesis developed at Case Western Reserve University has been unable to provide intuitive multiple finger control to cervical level spinal cord injury patients. It is hypothesized that a brain interface is required to make the Networked Neuroprosthesis intuitive, but there exists no fully implantable solution yet. The device from the first aim will be used to present an implantable hand neuroprosthesis ready for human clinical trials. The contribution of this work is expected to be an implantable, intuitive, brain-controlled functional electrical stimulation hand neuroprosthesis to return some independence to spinal cord injured patients. This contribution will be significant because it will provide a hand neuroprosthesis that patients can take home with them for full- time use. The proposed research is innovative, in the opinion of the researchers, because it is the first system capable of acquiring signals specific to single units using an order of magnitude less power than the standard.

项目概要 这项研究的长期目标是使用完全植入式大脑控制的设备来复活瘫痪的手 功能性电刺激神经假体供脊髓损伤患者随时使用。整体 该提案的目标是实现长期目标的下一步，即提出一个 植入式大脑控制的非人类灵长类手部神经假体可恢复瘫痪功能 通过电刺激来锻炼肌肉组织，并且不会牺牲性能。以前的大脑控制 功能性电刺激神经假体需要数百根电线连接到计算机塔 以不合理的速率消耗功率以获得所呈现的解码性能、渲染 神经假体的使用仅限于实验室（Bouton et al. 2016，Ajiboye et al. 2017）。中央 假设 300-1,000 Hz 尖峰频带功率 (SBP) 功能将允许安全植入的功率水平 同时保持 30 kSps 阈值交叉的解码性能。拟议的理由 研究表明，与传统记录范例相比，带宽减少了 15 倍，并且单个单元的特异性 SBP 极大地降低了提取特征所需的功耗，而不会损失单个单元的性能。在 第一个目标是在嵌入式平台上开发一种低功耗多自由度解码方法。 欧文等人。证明 SBP 可以高性能预测开环手指位置 (Irwin et al. 2016)。 然而，猴子执行的是单自由度两个目标获取任务。目前尚不清楚是否 SBP 在解码复杂动作时将保持高性能。因此，SBP 将用于 解码低功耗嵌入式设备上更复杂的中心向外多手指任务 布拉德、内森等人。 2018 年（提交中）。假设 SBP 解码器的性能优于阈值 即使在嵌入式设备上，也可以在闭环多手指任务中交叉解码器。第二个的目的 目的是研究使用嵌入式神经网络对手部肌肉进行闭环功能性电刺激 非人类灵长类动物的信号处理器和网络神经假体。迄今为止，网络化 凯斯西储大学开发的神经假体无法提供直观的多重功能 手指控制颈椎脊髓损伤患者。据推测，需要大脑接口 使网络神经假体变得直观，但目前还没有完全可植入的解决方案。该设备来自 第一个目标将用于提供可用于人体临床试验的可植入手部神经假体。这 这项工作的贡献预计将是一种可植入的、直观的、大脑控制的功能性电气 刺激手部神经假体，使脊髓损伤患者恢复一定的独立性。这个贡献 将会很重要，因为它将提供一种手部神经假体，患者可以将其带回家进行全面治疗。 时间利用。研究人员认为，所提出的研究具有创新性，因为它是第一个系统 能够使用比标准低一个数量级的功率采集特定于单个单元的信号。