Embryology: Concepts & Techniques in Modern Developmental Biology

计划摘要 胚胎学的长期目标：现代发育生物学的方法和概念 海洋生物实验室(MBL)旨在将博士后和博士后实习生培养成研究带头人 在发育、再生和干细胞生物学方面。为实现这一目标，本课程全面 涵盖发育生物学的范例、问题和技术。 动物进化的框架。该计划是在独特的物质和智力环境中提供的 在MBL，数百名科学家和实习生聚集在一起，在那里接受各种 生物医学相关领域，从而为跨学科合作和 讨论。每年有24名学生从非常有才华的不同国家和地区选拔出来 国际申请者。课程内容包括一系列正式讲座、非正式研讨会、 延长的讨论时间，以及专注于发现研究的身临其境的实验室，为期六周 夏季的时段。这些教师都是该领域的知名科学家，他们来自美国各地， 环游世界。六个单元，每个单元为期一周，由两名全职课程主任组成，三到四名 教师讲师、外部讲师、课程和助教。这些模块的主题会发生变化 随着该领域取得重要进展，每年都有新的进展。学生们接触到各种各样的 胚胎系统，包括成熟的模型，既有遗传的(果蝇、线虫、斑马鱼、老鼠) 和试验性的(鸡、海胆、青蛙、海鞘)。学生们还会遇到一系列非传统的 模型，如体现动物多样性的海洋生物(例如，蛇尾目动物、蠕虫、浮游生物、 甲壳类、软体动物、环节动物、半角类、鞭毛虫)。这一广泛的报道使我们可以结束 研究新的发展战略和机制，可能为人类提供新的见解 相关的胚胎过程。用于探索开发的实践方法包括外科手术 操作(细胞消融、组织移植)以及分子遗传工具(CRISPR/Cas9、RNAi、 电穿孔)和细胞生物学方法(使用遗传报告分析细胞谱系和迁移 行为)。学生应用尖端显微镜和成像技术(例如，共焦成像、光 薄片显微镜、超分辨率显微镜和3D时间推移)使用最先进的仪器， 试剂和方法。概念性主题包括细胞规格和分化、图案形成、 胚轴形成，形态发生，细胞间信号，转录调控，器官发生， 再生和比较胚胎学。学生们被要求制定和检验假设，以及 在MBL设备齐全的研究和学习环境中不知疲倦地工作。校友们经常说 这个课程是他们一生中最具变革性和影响力的培训经历之一。

Program Summary The long term goal of the program in Embryology: Methods and Concepts in Modern Developmental Biology at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) is to polish pre- and postdoctoral trainees into the leaders of research in developmental, regenerative, and stem cell biology. To accomplish this goal, the course comprehensively covers the paradigms, problems, and technologies of developmental biology cast within the comparative framework of animal evolution. The program is offered within the unique physical and intellectual environment of the summer at MBL, where hundreds of scientists and trainees come together to train in a variety of biomedically relevant fields, thereby providing ample opportunities for cross-disciplinary collaborations and discussions. Twenty-four students are selected each year from a very talented pool of diverse national and international applicants. The course curriculum involves a series of formal lectures, informal seminars, extended discussions, and an immersive laboratory focused on discovery research delivered over a six-week period in the summer. The teaching faculty are high-profile scientists in the field from across the US and around the world. Six modules, each one week long, are staffed by two full-time Course Directors, three to four faculty instructors, outside lecturers, and course and teaching assistants. The themes of the modules change from year-to-year as important advances in the field occur. Students are exposed to a wide variety of embryonic systems including well-established models, both genetic (fruit flies, nematodes, zebrafish, mouse) and experimental (chickens, sea urchins, frogs, ascidians). Students also encounter a range of non-traditional models such as marine organisms that exemplify animal diversity (e.g., cnidarians, nemerteans, planarians, crustaceans, molluscs, annelids, hemichordates, ctenophores). This broad coverage allows for a close examination of novel developmental strategies and mechanisms that may provide new insights into human related embryonic processes. Hands-on methodologies used to explore development involve surgical manipulation (cell ablation, tissue grafting) as well as molecular genetic tools (CRISPR/cas9, RNAi, electroporation) and cell biological approaches (use of genetic reporters to analyze cell lineage and migratory behavior). Students apply cutting-edge microscopy and imaging technologies (e.g., confocal imaging, light sheet microscopy, super-resolution microscopy and 3D time lapse) using state-of-the-art instrumentation, reagents, and methods. Conceptual topics include cell specification and differentiation, pattern formation, embryonic axis formation, morphogenesis, intercellular signaling, transcriptional regulation, organogenesis, regeneration, and comparative embryology. Students are challenged to formulate and test hypotheses, and work tirelessly in the well-equipped research and learning environment at the MBL. Alumni regularly state that this course was one of the most transformative and influential training experiences in their lives.