Consequences of Substance Use on the Development of Impulse Control

项目摘要/摘要 我们纵向项目的这一竞争性更新建议阐明推动启动的机制 物质使用的进展与NIDA和NIMH最近概述的战略计划一致(NIDA， 2016；NIH cran，2015；NIMH，2015)优先研究青春期和青春期之间的时期 成人期。典型青春期发育的特征是感觉寻求增加，其次是 更渐进地增加脉冲控制(由双系统模型描述)。两者之间的差异 发展感觉寻求和冲动控制理论上会导致冒险行为，比如 物质使用。在高危青少年中，这些发育过程可能会进一步不同，这可能是 药物使用涉及率和严重性增加的机制。更新项目已经完成 记录自药物使用开始前感觉寻求和冲动控制的关系(10 到12岁)，这次更新将继续评估这些过程和结果 青壮年。更具体地说，我们将继续(每6个月)对我们的风险 (由于有物质使用障碍的家族病史)和控制青少年监测物质使用的变化， 冲动控制、环境、感觉寻求、风险和弹性因素。结果将被解释 从双系统模型的角度来看，重要的是，这项工作将通过测试来扩展该模型： (1)冲动控制和感觉寻求是否独立发展；(2)是否 冲动控制和感觉寻求发展对物质使用有相加或交互作用 参与；(3)药物使用的开始和升级如何影响随后的冲动发展 控制和感觉寻求；(4)双系统模型中确定的过程是如何在 有家族史风险的青少年和年轻人；以及(5)社会和环境因素如何影响 物质使用的风险和复原力，并在双重系统模型的背景下解释。 在双系统模型的背景下解释这些发现将有助于提炼和扩展关键 这一模型的前提，以及揭示更多关于物质使用的发展机制的细节 参与其中。

Project Summary/Abstract This competing renewal of our longitudinal project proposes to elucidate mechanisms driving the initiation and progression of substance use is consistent with NIDA and NIMH's recently outlined strategic plans (NIDA, 2016; NIH CRAN, 2015; NIMH, 2015) prioritizing research on the period between adolescence and young adulthood. Defining features of typical adolescent development are increases in sensation seeking followed by more gradual increases in impulse control (described by the Dual Systems model). The discrepancy between developing sensation seeking and impulse control are theorized to result in risk-taking behaviors like substance use. In at-risk youth, these developmental processes may be further discrepant, which may be one mechanism for increased rates and severity of substance use involvement. The renewal project has been documenting the relationship of sensation seeking and impulse control since before substance use onset (10 to 12 years old at study entry), and this renewal will to continue to assess these processes and outcomes into young adulthood. More specifically, we will continue longitudinal assessments (every 6 months) of our at-risk (due to family history of substance use disorder) and control youth to monitor changes in substance use, impulse control, environmental, sensation seeking, risk and resiliency factors. Outcomes will be interpreted from the perspective of the Dual Systems model, and importantly, this work will extend this model by testing: (1) whether impulse control and sensation seeking develop independently from one another; (2) whether impulse control and sensation seeking development has additive or interactive effects on substance use involvement; (3) how the onset and escalation of substance use affects subsequent development of impulse control and sensation seeking; (4) how processes identified in the Dual Systems model develop among adolescents and young adults with family history risk; and (5) how social and environmental factors influence risk and resiliency for substance use and are interpreted in the context of the Dual Systems model. Interpreting these findings within the context of the Dual Systems model will help to refine and extend the key premises of this model, as well as reveal more detail about developmental mechanisms of substance use involvement.