Sleep in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

摘要 患有胎儿酒精谱系障碍(FASD)儿童的照顾者经常报告他们的孩子有问题 带着睡眠。然而，尽管几十年来对产前酒精暴露的后果进行了研究，但睡眠 对行为的研究严重不足，即使睡眠障碍可能会调解或加剧一些 产前酒精暴露对认知和情绪的影响，可作为潜在的治疗目标 干预。事实上，在典型的发展中人群中，睡眠困难与神经行为缺陷有关 并可能对发育迟缓的个体的神经行为功能产生更强烈的影响 精神错乱。我们假设，与FASD儿童相比，FASD儿童表现出更大的睡眠障碍 控制。我们还预测，睡眠障碍将与情绪反应增强、多动、 攻击性、抑郁症，以及执行功能、记忆力和注意力方面的更大缺陷。此外， 临床前研究表明，产前酒精暴露会扰乱控制昼夜节律的生物钟基因 在细胞水平上的节奏性。因此，我们假设时钟基因在儿童中的表达会有所不同。 与产前酒精接触有关。首先，这项提案将检查FASD儿童的睡眠情况，这两种可穿戴设备 技术和主观措施。第二，睡眠质量与神经行为的关系 将对结果进行检查。最后，作为一个探索性目标，我们将确定患有FASD的儿童是否表现出 时钟基因的差异表达。这些数据将使我们能够更好地了解产前的影响 酒精暴露对睡眠的影响，并为开发有针对性的干预奠定基础，这种干预不仅可能 改善睡眠，但也有可能增强其他认知和情感领域的功能 也是。

ABSTRACT Caregivers of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) often report that their child has problems with sleep. However, despite decades of research on the consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure, sleep behaviors are grossly understudied, even though sleep disturbances may mediate or exacerbate some of the cognitive and emotional effects of prenatal alcohol exposure and could serve as a potential target for intervention. In fact, sleep difficulties are related to neurobehavioral deficits in typically developing populations and may have more robust effects on neurobehavioral functioning among individuals with developmental disorders. We hypothesize that children with FASD will demonstrate greater sleep disturbance compared to controls. We also predict that sleep disturbance will be related to increased emotional reactivity, hyperactivity, aggression, and depression, and greater deficits in executive functioning, memory, and attention. Moreover, preclinical studies indicate that prenatal alcohol exposure can disrupt the clock genes that control circadian rhythmicity at a cellular level. Thus, we hypothesize that clock genes will be expressed differently in children with prenatal alcohol exposure. First, this proposal will examine sleep in children with FASD with both wearable technology and subjective measures. Secondly, the relationship between sleep quality and neurobehavioral outcome will be examined. Finally, as an exploratory aim, we will determine if children with FASD exhibit differential expression of clock genes. These data will allow us to better understand the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on sleep and lay the foundation for developing targeted interventions that may not only improve sleep, but also have the potential for enhancing functioning in other cognitive and emotional domains as well.