The biology of the nuclear export protein in influenza A virus replication

项目摘要 在我们继续努力了解甲型流感病毒（IAV）的生物学过程中，我们已经表征了来自 用下一代测序技术检测宿主和病毒这些努力导致了一种小病毒的发现- 衍生的RNA（svRNA）是介导病毒从转录到复制的转换所必需的。后 描述svRNA的生物学特性，我们记录了令人惊讶的发现，svRNA的合成是 依赖于NEP的表达，NEP是病毒的一种次要蛋白质，其结果是在细胞中缓慢积累 低效率的拼接。这两项发现表明，NEP可能是IAV的主要调节因子 感染简而言之，我们发现NEP的缓慢积累为病毒提供了一个“计时器”， svRNA的产生以及随后从转录到复制的转换。此外，我们和其他人， 已经发现NEP介导的svRNA合成依赖于其诱导cRNA的能力。尽管 确定NEP的这一功能，它如何协调这一活动仍然完全未知。在这里，我们寻求 通过三个互补的目标来理解这项活动。目标1详细说明了一项战略，以确定如何NEP 与RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶的相互作用影响其活性。目标2旨在确定为什么NEP 与参与RNA加工的宿主因子有关。目标3调查新经济政策及其对 相关蛋白对病毒致病性和嗜性的影响。包括这些目标的实验战略将 揭示了令人兴奋的新分子靶点，可以用来产生一类新的抗病毒药物， 显着增加我们对IAV复制的了解。

PROJECT SUMMARY In our continued efforts to understand the biology of Influenza A virus (IAV), we have characterized RNA from both the host and virus using next generation sequencing. These efforts led to the discovery of a small virus- derived RNA (svRNA) that was necessary for mediating the viral switch from transcription to replication. Upon characterizing the biology of svRNA, we documented the surprising finding that svRNA synthesis was dependent on the expression of NEP, a minor protein of the virus that slowly accumulates in the cell as a result of inefficient splicing. Together, these two discoveries suggested NEP may be the master regulator of IAV infection. In short, we found that the slow accumulation of NEP provided the virus with a “timer” to coordinate svRNA production and the subsequent switch from transcription to replication. Furthermore, we, and others, have found that NEP-mediated svRNA synthesis is dependent on its capacity to induce cRNA. Despite determining this function for NEP, how it coordinates this activity remains entirely unknown. Here we seek to understand this activity through three complementary aims. Aim 1 details a strategy to ascertain how NEP interaction with the RNA dependent RNA polymerase influences its activity. Aim 2 seeks to ascertain why NEP is associating with host factors involved in RNA processing. Aim 3 investigates the impact of NEP and its associated proteins on virus pathogenicity and tropism. The experimental strategy comprising these aims will reveal exciting new molecular targets that can be exploited to generate a novel class of antivirals and will significantly increase our understanding of IAV replication.