Underage alcohol use in youth with autism spectrum disorder

患有自闭症谱系障碍的青少年未成年人饮酒

• 批准号: 9978401
• 负责人: Emily F Rothman
• 金额: $ 25.93万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2022-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9978401
• 关键词: 20 year old; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Agreement; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Award; Boston; Communication; Consequentialism; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Enrollment; Ensure; Equation; Evidence based intervention; Expectancy; Face; Factor Analysis; Feedback; Female; Frequencies; Future; Gender; Goals; Grant; Individual; Intellectual functioning disability; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Measures; Mediating; Medical center; Methods; Modeling; Motivation; Observational Study; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Patient Recruitments; Pattern; Perception; Population; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Provider; Psychometrics; Qualitative Methods; Research; Risk; Sampling; Scheme; Self Efficacy; Services; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Surveys; Target Populations; Techniques; Testing; Time; Validity and Reliability; Youth; alcohol abstinence; alcohol expectancy; alcohol risk; alcohol use disorder; autism spectrum disorder; autistic children; cost effective; data format; design; drinking; experience; improved; informant; interest; male; parental monitoring; peer; prevent; programs; psychosocial; public health priorities; recruit; risk perception; service providers; theories; therapy development; underage drinking

Project Summary There are now approximately 450,000 youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) between the ages of 16-24 in the U.S., and 50,000 more turning 18 each year. The field is bracing for a surge in demand for services. Underage alcohol use is a priority public health problem and too little is known about underage alcohol use by youth with ASD. ASD may be protective against alcohol use in individuals with intellectual disability, but 44% of youth with ASD have average or high IQ, and some evidence suggests that these ASD youth may be at increased risk for alcohol use disorder as compared to neurotypical counterparts. Information about underage alcohol use in youth with ASD, and ultimately effective prevention strategies, are needed. The proposed research will achieve two specific aims. Aim 1 is to explore, using qualitative methods, underage alcohol use and non-use by youth with ASD and without ID, ages 16-20 years old. Half of these youth will have used alcohol in the past six months and half will not (N=40). A targeted enrollment scheme will ensure that research participants include males and females. Aim 1 interviews will explore topics that include motivations to use alcohol or abstain, alcohol expectancies, refusal self-efficacy, parental communication about alcohol, peer use norms, alcohol rule-following, and perception of risks; and in those with recent alcohol use, types of alcohol consumed, how procured, where it occurred, when, with whom and in what context, perceived effects, and consequences. Aim 1 interview participants will also give feedback on a draft survey, comprising multiple measures of alcohol-related constructs, in order to improve its face validity prior to implementation in Aim 2. Aim 2 will use the refined survey to quantitatively investigate underage alcohol use in a sample of ASD vs. demographically-matched neurotypical comparison subjects (N=190). Half will have used alcohol in the past six months, and half will have abstained. Psychometrics will be assessed including factor structure and internal reliability of scales. Next, structural equation techniques will be used to evaluate relationships of alcohol- related variables with alcohol use among neurotypical vs. ASD youth in order to test hypotheses and inform theory development. In addition to assessing relationships between variables. For Aim 2, a targeted enrollment scheme to ensure that research participants include males and females will also be used. Overall, a strength of the project is its Advisory Board, comprising youth with ASD, parents of youth with ASD, and service providers. For recruitment of participants with ASD, the research team will partner with a leading national non-profit that serves the population formerly referred to as having Asperger’s, or referred to as high functioning ASD, and the Boston Medical Center Autism Program. In the long-term, the ultimate goal of this line of research is generalizable knowledge about underage alcohol use in U.S. youth with ASD and the development of evidence-based interventions to prevent it.

项目概要 目前大约有 450,000 名年龄在 16 岁至 24 岁之间的青少年患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 在美国，每年有 50,000 人年满 18 岁。该领域正准备迎接服务需求的激增。 未成年人饮酒是一个优先的公共卫生问题，而人们对未成年人饮酒知之甚少。 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年。自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 可能有助于智力障碍人士避免饮酒，但 44% 的人 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年智商中等或较高，一些证据表明，这些自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 青少年的智商可能处于中等水平或较高水平。 与神经典型的对应者相比，酒精使用障碍的风险增加。有关未成年人的信息 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 青少年的饮酒情况以及最终有效的预防策略是必要的。拟议的 研究将实现两个具体目标。目标 1 是使用定性方法探索未成年人饮酒情况 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 且无智力障碍的 16-20 岁青少年请勿使用。这些年轻人中有一半会使用过 过去六个月半饮酒不会（N=40）。有针对性的招生计划将确保研究 参与者包括男性和女性。目标 1 访谈将探讨包括使用动机在内的主题 饮酒或戒酒、饮酒预期、拒绝自我效能、父母关于酒精的沟通、同伴使用 规范、酒精规则遵守和风险认知；对于最近饮酒的人来说，酒精的类型 消费、如何获得、发生地点、时间、与谁以及在什么背景下消费，感知到的效果，以及 结果。目标 1 采访参与者还将对调查草案提供反馈，其中包括多项调查 酒精相关结构的测量，以在目标 2 实施之前提高其表面效度。 目标 2 将使用精细调查来定量调查自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 与正常儿童样本中的未成年人饮酒情况。 人口统计学匹配的神经典型比较受试者 (N=190)。一半人过去曾饮酒过 六个月后，一半人将弃权。将评估心理测量学，包括因素结构和内部 量表的可靠性。接下来，结构方程技术将用于评估酒精之间的关系 神经正常青少年与自闭症青少年中饮酒的相关变量，以检验假设并提供信息 理论发展。除了评估变量之间的关系之外。对于目标 2，有针对性的招生 还将采用确保研究参与者包括男性和女性的计划。总体而言，实力 该项目的顾问委员会由患有自闭症谱系障碍的青少年、患有自闭症谱系障碍的青少年的父母和服务提供者组成。 为了招募患有自闭症谱系障碍的参与者，研究团队将与一家领先的全国性非营利组织合作，该非营利组织 为以前被称为患有阿斯伯格症或被称为高功能自闭症谱系障碍的人群提供服务，并且 波士顿医学中心自闭症项目。从长远来看，这一研究方向的最终目标是 关于美国患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年未成年饮酒的普遍知识以及发展 采取基于证据的干预措施来预防这种情况。