The Gut Microbiome and The Metabolome in Chronic Kidney Disease

慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)可能会改变人类宿主与宿主之间的动态平衡关系 肠道微生物区系(即肠道微生物区系)，由于尿素向 肠道微生物区系、饮食的改变和尿小分子排泄量的减少 由肠道微生物群产生。因此，肠道微生物区系的组成和其 CKD患者的代谢副产物可能发生改变。我们提出了一套相互关联的具体方案 目的是研究慢性肾脏病、肠道微生物区系和粪便代谢组、血浆之间的关系。 代谢组和使用纵向前瞻性队列的临床结果的发展 慢性肾功能不全队列研究。此外，我们还提出了一种小型干预性 在CKD额外人群中根除然后重新填充肠道微生物区系的研究 患者需要识别在体循环中积累的肠源性副产物。结果是 我们的研究将为干预措施提供新的见解，例如调整饮食，可能会改变 肠道微生物区系的代谢组，以帮助预防和/或治疗与 CKD的发展。

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may alter the homeostatic relationship between human hosts and their intestinal tract microbial inhabitants (i.e., the gut microbiota) due to the enhanced delivery of urea to the gut microbiota, alterations in diet, and the decrease in urinary excretion of small molecules produced by the gut microbiota. As a result, both the composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolite byproducts may be altered in patients with CKD. We propose a set of inter-related specific aims to examine the association between CKD, gut microbiota and the fecal metabolome, the plasma metabolome, and the development of clinical outcomes using a longitudinal prospective cohort within the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. In addition, we propose a small interventional study to eradicate and then re-populate the gut microbiota among an additional population of CKD patients to identify gut-derived byproducts that accumulate in the systemic circulation. The results of our study will provide new insights into interventions, such as modulation of diet, that may alter the metabolome of the gut microbiota to help prevent and/or treat diseases associated with the development of CKD.