Prenatal Social Connection and Disruption During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Maternal and Infant Health

项目摘要 2019冠状病毒病大流行对孕妇及其子女产生了广泛影响。 伙伴遵守社交距离准则的必要性改变了社会 准父母的连通性，对压力，孤独，减少获得信息的影响， 产前护理和分娩支助。众所周知，怀孕期间的社会支持 缓冲压力，并预测新的父母和他们的婴儿更好的产后结果。 例如，更多的产前支持与父母的风险降低有关。 产后情绪和焦虑障碍，降低早产和低出生率 体重、婴儿气质更平静、婴儿发育更健康。根据这些证据， 大流行引起的怀孕期间社会联系的变化可能会产生长期影响， 对新父母及其子女的影响。 目前的提案利用了COVID-19独特的自然实验， 研究艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行病患者之间的社会联系对母婴健康的影响 孕妇及其伴侣CHIRP（冠状病毒，健康，隔离和 妊娠弹性）研究于2020年春季启动，已招募710名孕妇 父母报告了他们的社会联系和支持的感觉， 怀孕我们将在婴儿出生后3个月、6个月和12个月对这一队列进行随访。 孩子除了收集自我报告的数据，我们还将收集医院的出生图表， 妊娠结局和毛发皮质醇来测量神经内分泌应激暴露。我们也 计划使用地理编码来模拟疫情对社会、经济和健康的影响 并探索这些影响如何塑造产后结果。我们的实验室已经收集了 数据来自另一组200名怀孕期间招募的准父母， 在向为人父母过渡方面， 同样的方法和时间。我们还将对我们的儿童进行为期五年的随访， 大流行前的数据集，将包括行为和神经成像措施， 神经发育 我们的试点数据表明，心理困扰的评分显着较高， 受COVID-19疫情影响的准父母的社会支持评级。我们 我期望本研究能对压力和复原力的研究做出重要贡献 在怀孕期间，它对产妇和婴儿的福祉的长期影响。

PROJECT SUMMARY The COVID-19 pandemic has had sweeping effects on pregnant women and their partners. The need to adhere to social distancing guidelines has altered the social connectedness of expectant parents, with effects on stress, loneliness, reduced access to in- person prenatal care, and childbirth support. Social support during pregnancy is known to buffer stress and predict better postpartum outcomes for both new parents and their infants. For example, greater prenatal support has been linked with decreased risk of parental postpartum mood and anxiety disorders, lower incidence of preterm birth and low birth weight, calmer infant temperament, and healthier infant development. Given this evidence, pandemic-induced changes to social connectedness during pregnancy may have long-term effects for new parents and their children. The current proposal leverages the unique natural experiment of the COVID-19 pandemic to examine the maternal and infant health effects of social connectedness among pregnant women and their partners. The CHIRP (Coronavirus, Health, Isolation and Resilience in Pregnancy) study launched in spring 2020 and has enrolled 710 expectant parents who reported on their feelings of social connectedness and support during pregnancy. We will follow up with this cohort three, six, and 12 months after the birth of their child. In addition to collecting self-report data, we will gather hospital birth charts to measure gestational outcomes, and hair cortisol to measure neuroendocrine stress exposure. We also plan to use geocoding to model the social, economic, and health impacts of the pandemic and explore how these impacts shape postpartum outcomes. Our lab has already collected data from another cohort of 200 expectant parents recruited during pregnancy and followed over the transition to parenthood, constituting a pre-pandemic comparison sample with the same measures and timing. We will also conduct a five-year follow-up with children from our pre-pandemic dataset that will incorporate behavioral and neuroimaging measures of neurodevelopment. Our pilot data indicates significantly higher ratings of psychological distress and lower ratings of social support among expectant parents affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We expect that this project will make important contributions to the study of stress and resilience during pregnancy and its long-term effects on both maternal and infant well-being.